怀特海的大学教育思想及对我国大学改革的启示
发布时间：2019-06-10 22:56
【摘要】：艾尔弗雷德·诺思·怀特海（Alfred North Whitehead,1861--1947）出身于教育世家，一生致力于教育事业，先后在剑桥大学、伦敦大学和哈佛大学任教，从教50余年。怀特海的教育思想在欧美教育界产生了深刻的影响，但是国内学者对其大学教育思想进行研究的却较少。因此，本文想对怀特海的大学教育思想进行较为深入地研究，，论文共分四章： 第一章为绪论，阐述对怀特海大学教育思想进行研究的缘起和国内研究现状、阐述了本选题研究的理论意义和实践意义以及本文的创新之处。 第二章从有机哲学的视角挖掘怀特海大学教育思想的理论根基。主要内容包括：过程性原理、相关性原理和创造性原理。 第三章是本论文的主体部分，对出现在《教育的目的》和《怀特海文录》中大学教育思想进行了探讨和梳理，涉及了大学教育的目的、大学教育的作用、大学课程的设置原则、大学教育的原则及大学的管理这五个方面。 第一方面论述了“要培养既有文化又有专业知识的人才”的大学教育目的，分析了有文化和有专业知识的涵义。 第二方面探讨了大学教育对社会的三个作用：大学要融合各种进步活动以促进社会进步、为文明世界培养知识分子先锋、在知识和追求生命的热情之间建起桥梁；以及大学教育对人的三个作用：培养学生的创造力和探险精神、为学生提供充满智慧的想象力、鼓励和促进学生的“自我发展”。 第三方面探讨了怀特海大学课程设置的三个原则：大学的课程设置要符合教育节奏、大学的课程体现知识的完整性、大学的课程要面向生活世界。这种课程设置原则的提出或许是基于有机哲学的过程性和整体性。 第四方面探讨了大学教育的三个原则：以充满想像力的方式传授知识；引导的方式进行教学；让学生摆脱细节、掌握原理。 第五方面是关于怀特海在大学管理方面的观点：一是实行民主管理和学术自由。因为怀特海认为教师的意见以及热情是办好大学的惟一有效保证，且自由的学术环境有助于产生个性化的精神产品；二是要建设高素质的教师队伍。怀特海教育思想中的高素质教师要具备有想象力的学术知识、能在生活中唤起智慧和美、能使知识保持活力；三是制定个性化教师评价方式并注重其精神产品中所体现的思想价值。怀特海认为个性化的教师评价方式才能适合某些思想极为丰富的人，而且他还提出对教师群体总效率的一种恰当的评估方法，即从总体上看它以论文专著形式所体现的在思想方面的贡献。 第四章笔者借鉴怀特海的大学教育思想，结合我国大学教育的现状，提出了五个对我国大学改革方面的启示：大学应培养有文化的大学生；大学应追求整合教育；大学教学应以充满想象力的方式传授知识；大学应在知识和追求生命的热情之间架起桥梁；大学管理要去商业化、行政化。 怀特海的大学教育思想是具有创造性的，是建立在他的有机哲学基础之上的，摄入了教育思想，进行了观念的冒险后而生成的，让我们体味了二十世纪教育思想的卓越建树，正是这些思想理论将帮助我们观察、洞悉和分析近百年来我国大学的教育思想和教育实践，从而有力地推进今天大学教育的革新活动！
[Abstract]:Alfred North Whitehead (1861-1947) was born in a family of education and devoted his life to the cause of education, and taught at the University of Cambridge, University of London and Harvard for more than 50 years. The educational thought of Whitehead has a profound influence on the educational circles in Europe and the United States, but the domestic scholars have little research on the educational thought of the university. Therefore, this paper is to carry on a more in-depth study of the university education thought of Whitehead, and the thesis is divided into four chapters: The first chapter is the introduction, and expounds the origin and the domestic research of the research on the education thought of the University of Whitehead. In this paper, the theoretical and practical significance of the research on this topic and the innovation in this paper are expounded. The second chapter: The second chapter, from the perspective of the organic philosophy, digs the theory of the education thought of the University of Whitehead. On the basis of theory, the main contents include: the process principle, the principle of relativity and the creation The third chapter is the main part of this thesis, discusses and combs the idea of university education in the purpose of "education" and "Whitehead of Whitehead", and relates to the purpose of university education, the role of university education and the course of university. The principle of setting up, the principle of university education and the management of university In the first part, the purpose of the "to train talented people with both cultural and professional knowledge" 's university education is discussed, and the culture and the existence are analyzed The second aspect discusses the three functions of the university education to the society: the university should integrate various progress activities to promote the social progress, develop the intellectual pioneer in the civilized world, build a bridge between the knowledge and the enthusiasm for the life, and the university The three functions of education: to train the students' creativity and the spirit of exploration, to provide students with the imagination of wisdom, to encourage and promote the students' "trunk>" self-development The third aspect of nt ". The third aspect discusses the three principles of the curriculum setting of the University of Whitehead: the curriculum of the university should conform to the educational rhythm, and the course of the university reflects the integrity of the knowledge. The course of learning is to face the world of life. This course set-up may be based on the existence of The process and the integrity of the philosophy of the machine. The fourth aspect discusses the three principles of the university education: the teaching of knowledge in a way of imagination, and the way of guiding. Let the students get out of the details and master the principles. The fifth is about the view of Whitehead in the management of the university. The first is to carry out democratic management and academic freedom. Because the Whitehead thinks the teacher's opinion and the enthusiasm are the only effective guarantee for the university, and the free academic environment can help to produce the individualized spiritual production The second is to build a high-quality teaching staff. The high-quality teachers in Whitehead's education thought should have the academic knowledge of imagination, to arouse the wisdom and beauty in life, to keep the knowledge alive, and to develop a personalized teacher evaluation mode and note The thought value embodied in the product of the heavy spirit is the thought value embodied in the spirit product. The Whitehead thinks that the individual teacher evaluation method can be suitable for people with very rich thought, and he also puts forward an appropriate evaluation method for the total efficiency of the teachers' group, that is, it is in the paper. In the fourth chapter, the author puts forward five enlightenments to the reform of the university in the light of the current situation of the university education in the Huaihai University, which should be developed by the university. A culture of college students; the university should pursue the whole education; the university teaching should teach the knowledge in an imaginative way; the university should stand between the enthusiasm of the knowledge and the pursuit of life As a bridge, the university management is to be commercialized and administrative. The university education idea of the Whitehead is creative and is built on the basis of his organic philosophy, taking the education thought and taking the risk of the idea. It is precisely these theories that will help us to observe, understand and analyze the educational thought and educational practice of our university in the last hundred years.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G640
本文编号：2496793
[Abstract]:Alfred North Whitehead (1861-1947) was born in a family of education and devoted his life to the cause of education, and taught at the University of Cambridge, University of London and Harvard for more than 50 years. The educational thought of Whitehead has a profound influence on the educational circles in Europe and the United States, but the domestic scholars have little research on the educational thought of the university. Therefore, this paper is to carry on a more in-depth study of the university education thought of Whitehead, and the thesis is divided into four chapters: The first chapter is the introduction, and expounds the origin and the domestic research of the research on the education thought of the University of Whitehead. In this paper, the theoretical and practical significance of the research on this topic and the innovation in this paper are expounded. The second chapter: The second chapter, from the perspective of the organic philosophy, digs the theory of the education thought of the University of Whitehead. On the basis of theory, the main contents include: the process principle, the principle of relativity and the creation The third chapter is the main part of this thesis, discusses and combs the idea of university education in the purpose of "education" and "Whitehead of Whitehead", and relates to the purpose of university education, the role of university education and the course of university. The principle of setting up, the principle of university education and the management of university In the first part, the purpose of the "to train talented people with both cultural and professional knowledge" 's university education is discussed, and the culture and the existence are analyzed The second aspect discusses the three functions of the university education to the society: the university should integrate various progress activities to promote the social progress, develop the intellectual pioneer in the civilized world, build a bridge between the knowledge and the enthusiasm for the life, and the university The three functions of education: to train the students' creativity and the spirit of exploration, to provide students with the imagination of wisdom, to encourage and promote the students' "trunk>" self-development The third aspect of nt ". The third aspect discusses the three principles of the curriculum setting of the University of Whitehead: the curriculum of the university should conform to the educational rhythm, and the course of the university reflects the integrity of the knowledge. The course of learning is to face the world of life. This course set-up may be based on the existence of The process and the integrity of the philosophy of the machine. The fourth aspect discusses the three principles of the university education: the teaching of knowledge in a way of imagination, and the way of guiding. Let the students get out of the details and master the principles. The fifth is about the view of Whitehead in the management of the university. The first is to carry out democratic management and academic freedom. Because the Whitehead thinks the teacher's opinion and the enthusiasm are the only effective guarantee for the university, and the free academic environment can help to produce the individualized spiritual production The second is to build a high-quality teaching staff. The high-quality teachers in Whitehead's education thought should have the academic knowledge of imagination, to arouse the wisdom and beauty in life, to keep the knowledge alive, and to develop a personalized teacher evaluation mode and note The thought value embodied in the product of the heavy spirit is the thought value embodied in the spirit product. The Whitehead thinks that the individual teacher evaluation method can be suitable for people with very rich thought, and he also puts forward an appropriate evaluation method for the total efficiency of the teachers' group, that is, it is in the paper. In the fourth chapter, the author puts forward five enlightenments to the reform of the university in the light of the current situation of the university education in the Huaihai University, which should be developed by the university. A culture of college students; the university should pursue the whole education; the university teaching should teach the knowledge in an imaginative way; the university should stand between the enthusiasm of the knowledge and the pursuit of life As a bridge, the university management is to be commercialized and administrative. The university education idea of the Whitehead is creative and is built on the basis of his organic philosophy, taking the education thought and taking the risk of the idea. It is precisely these theories that will help us to observe, understand and analyze the educational thought and educational practice of our university in the last hundred years.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G640
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 桑国元;;对中国现代教育的理性思考——怀特海过程教育哲学的视角[J];当代教育科学;2006年11期
2 梁卿;;论怀特海的教育目的观[J];天津工程师范学院学报;2007年03期
本文编号：2496793
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