儿童青少年身体素质敏感期的变化特点

发布时间：2018-01-13 22:23

本文关键词：儿童青少年身体素质敏感期的变化特点　出处：《北京体育大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文目的在于通过对儿童青少年身体发育敏感期的变化特点进行研究,为儿童青少年提高身体素质提供参考。研究对象为北京、上海、重庆、吉林、广东、安徽6个省市6-17岁青少年。共计9081人。结果显示：1、儿童青少年身体素质随着年龄的增长而提高,基本包括快速增长、缓慢增长、相对稳定三个阶段。男生敏感期年龄主要在6-7岁、12-13岁,女生则以6-8岁居多。2、速度素质：50m跑男女生成绩随着年龄的增长而提高,男女生9-13岁增长迅速,12岁后女生增长速度趋于平稳,而男生继续保持增长,男女差异加大。敏感期：男生10-11岁、12-13岁；女生10-11岁。30s跳绳男生成绩随着年龄增长而提高,女生成绩出现双升双降。男生6-10岁,女生6-9岁增长迅速。男女生15岁后,成绩出现小幅度波动。男女生敏感期：6-8岁。3、力量素质：立定跳远男女生成绩随着年龄增长而提高,11岁前男女差异不大,男生11-13岁增长迅速,女生11岁后增长速度趋于平稳。敏感期：男生6-7、12-13岁,女生6-8岁。引体向上/一分钟仰卧起坐男女成绩随着年龄增长而提高,增长幅度不大。敏感期：男生12-13岁,女生6-8岁。4、耐力素质：1000m/800m男女成绩随着年龄增长而提高。敏感期男生12-13岁。女生未达到敏感期临界值。5、柔韧素质：坐位体前屈男女在12岁之前成绩随着年龄的增长,水平小幅度有升有降。12岁以后,男女增长速度加快。敏感期：男生6-7岁、15-16岁。女生10-11岁、13-14岁。6、灵敏素质：一分钟绕杆跑男女生在12岁之前差异不大,随着年龄增长而提高,在12岁之后,男生增长迅速,女生增长缓慢下落。敏感期：男生7-8岁,12-13岁：女生7-9岁。十字象限跳男女生6-9岁时随着年龄的增长成绩增长迅速,9-14岁时增长缓慢,14岁以后成绩增长有小幅度升有降。十字象限跳成绩男女生性别差异不大。敏感期：男女生6-7岁、8-9岁。研究结论：1、在儿童青少年时期,身体素质的敏感期年龄会出现一个至两个年龄段的现象；第一个敏感期年龄通常在6-8岁,第二个敏感期年龄通常在10-13岁；2、在敏感期年龄段内,身体素质的年均增长值和年均增长率都大于其他非敏感期年龄；3、不同身体素质的敏感期年龄略有不同,男女也有差异,身体素质的变化特点也有不同。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this paper is to study the characteristics of children and adolescents in the sensitive period of physical development, and to provide reference for children and adolescents to improve their physical quality. The research objects are Beijing, Shanghai, Chongqing, Jilin, Guangdong. A total of 9081 adolescents aged 6-17 years in 6 provinces and cities in Anhui Province. The result shows that the physical quality of children and adolescents increases with the increase of age, including the rapid growth and slow growth. The sensitive age of boys is 6-7 years old and 12-13 years old, while that of girls is mostly 6-8 years old. The speed quality of male and female students who run at 50 meters increases with the increase of age. The growth rate of girls tends to be stable after the rapid growth of 9-13 years of age and the growth rate of girls tends to be stable after 12 years of age, while the growth rate of boys continues to increase, and the difference between male and female students becomes larger. Sensitive period: boys aged 10-11 years and 12-13 years; Girls' scores of 10-11 years old .30s rope skipping boys increased with the increase of age, girls' scores showed double rise and double decline. Boys' 6-10 years old, girls' 6-9 years old increased rapidly. After 15 years of age, boys and girls' scores increased rapidly. Results fluctuate by a small margin. The sensitive period of male and female students is: 6-8 years old. 3, strength quality: standing long jump results of male and female students increase with the increase of age. There is no significant difference between male and female before 11 years of age. The growth rate of 11 to 13 years of age for boys is rapid, and for girls after 11 years of age, the growth rate tends to be stable. Sensitive period: 6 to 7 years of age for boys, 12 to 13 years old. Girls 6-8 years old. Upwardness / one-minute sit-up performance of men and women increases by little with age. Sensitive period: male students 12-13 years old, girls 6-8 years old .4 years old. Endurance quality: 1000m / 800m performance of male and female increases with age. Boys in sensitive period 12-13 years of age. Girls do not reach the threshold of 5. 5 in sensitive period. Flexibility: the performance of males and females before 12 years of age increased with the increase of age. After 12 years of age, the growth rate of males and females accelerated. Sensitive period: male students aged 6-7 years. Girls 10-11 years old 13-14 years old .6, dexterity: one minute running around the pole boys and girls before the age of 12, the increase with age, after 12 years of age. Boys grow rapidly, girls slow down. Sensitive period: boys 7-8 years old 12-13 years old: girls 7-9 years old. Cross quadrant jump boys 6-9 years of age results increase rapidly with age. The gender difference between male and female students in cross quadrant jump is not significant. Sensitive period: male and female 6-7 years old and 8-9 years old. Conclusion: 1. In childhood and adolescence, the physical quality of the sensitive age will appear one to two age groups phenomenon; The age of the first sensitive period is usually 6-8 years, and the second sensitive period is 10-13 years old. 2. In the sensitive period, the average annual growth value and average annual growth rate of physical fitness were higher than those of other insensitive periods. 3, the sensitive age of different physical quality is slightly different, the male and female also have the difference, the change characteristic of the physical quality also has the difference.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G804.49

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