羽毛球与排球训练对运动员反应时影响差异的研究

发布时间：2018-02-03 16:35

本文关键词： 羽毛球排球运动员反应时　出处：《首都体育学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究目的:随着社会的发展,社会物质生活水平的丰富与满足,体育运动越来越受到人们的重视,体育作为一种生活方式,不仅可以满足人们锻炼身体的需求;同时研究发现:长时间的参加某一项体育运动都能提高人体的注意力和反应能力。不同种类的体育锻炼项目会给人们带来不一样的影响。羽毛球运动作为一项传统的竞技体育运动越来越受到大众的喜爱,逐渐成为主流的休闲运动。羽毛球运动由于场地大小的限制,球速快的特点,需要参与者随时都处于紧张的状态,以确保对稍纵即逝、变幻莫测的来球做出迅速、正确的判断和回应措施。那么长期参加羽毛球运动锻炼是否会缩短运动员的反应时间?同时与其它运动项目相比,哪项运动项目对反应时的影响更大一些。本研究想通过实验的方法对比不同种类的体育运动项目对人们的反应时产生不同影响做一个探索性研究。研究方法:本研究以招募20名羽毛球专项生为羽毛球专业1组(男生10名,女生10名,年龄24.1±0.4)作为实验对象,要求每名被试者上过羽毛球专选课且经过3年以上系统的训练;招募20名羽毛球专项生为羽毛球专业2组(男生10名,女生10名,年龄20.2±0.2)作为实验对象,要求每名被试者上过羽毛球专选课且经过3个月上1年以下系统的训练。为了进一步探究羽毛球锻炼与其他体育锻炼项目相比对反应时是否会产生不同的影响,本研究还招募20名排球专项生作为排球专业1组(男生10名,女生10名,年龄24.3±0.3)作为实验对象,要求每名被试者上过排球专选课且经过3年以上系统的训练;招募20名排球专项生作为排球专业2组(男生10名,女生10名,年龄20.2±0.4)作为实验对象,要求每名被试者上过排球专选课且经过3个月以上1年以下系统的训练。分别对每组专项学生的三种反应时进行测试,并对测试所得数据进行统计分析比较。研究结果:1.羽毛球专项1组与羽毛球专项2组相比三种反应时均得到了显著性提高(P0.01**),说明随着参加羽毛球训练的年限越长,对反应时所产生的的影响也就越显著。2.排球专项1组与排球专项2组相比选择反应时和辨别反应时均得到了显著性提高(P0.01**),简单反应时没有显著性提高(P0.05)。3.羽毛球专业2组与排球专业2组相比,三种反应时均没有显著性差异(P0.05),说明短时间参加不同的体育锻炼项目对三种反应时产生的影响几乎没有太大的差异。4.羽毛球专业1组与排球专业1组相比,简单反应时与选择反应时都得到了显著性提高(P0.01**),羽毛球专业1组的简单与选择反应时缩短的更明显,但是两组间的辨别反应时相比并没有显著性差异(P0.05)。研究结论:长时间参加羽毛球锻炼与排球锻炼对简单反应时、选择反应时、辨别反应时均产生明显的影响,但相比较而言长时间参加羽毛球锻炼对简单反应时和选择反应时所产生的影响比长时间参加排球锻炼的要更明显,但是对辨别反应时所产生的影响并没有显著性差异。
[Abstract]:Objective: with the development of society, material life rich and meet the level of social sports, more and more people's attention, sports as a way of life, people can not only meet the exercise needs; at the same time, the study found that: long time to participate in a sport can improve the body's attention and response capabilities. Different kinds of physical exercise will bring different effects to people. Badminton as a traditional athletics sports is becoming more and more popular, has gradually become the mainstream of the leisure sports. The badminton movement due to space restrictions on the size of the characteristics of fast ball, participants need all the time in a nervous state to ensure that the transient, make rapid change unpredictably to the ball, the correct judgment and response measures. So long in badminton exercise will shorten the movement whether The reaction time? Compared with the same time other sports, which sport project effect on response time is larger. This study is to through the comparison of experimental methods of different kinds of sports have different effects on people's reactions to do an exploratory study. Research methods: This study enrolled 20 patients with badminton for 1 professional badminton group (10 boys and 10 girls, age 24.1 + 0.4) as the experimental object, every subjects on badminton professional courses and after more than 3 years of systematic training; recruit 20 students for professional badminton badminton group 2 (10 boys and 10 girls name, age 20.2 + 0.2) as the experimental object, every subjects on badminton professional courses and after 3 months 1 years following training system. In order to further explore the badminton exercise and other physical exercise compared to whether response Have different effects, this study also recruited 20 students as a professional volleyball volleyball group 1 (10 boys, 10 girls, age 24.3 + 0.3) as the experimental object, every subjects on volleyball selective course and after more than 3 years of systematic training; recruit 20 volleyball special students as a professional volleyball group 2 (10 boys, 10 girls, age 20.2 + 0.4) as the experimental object, every subjects on volleyball selective course and after more than 3 months to 1 years following the system training. Test three responses for each special students, and the test data from the statistical analysis. Results: 1. badminton 1 group and 2 group compared to three kinds of badminton special reaction time were significantly increased (P0.01**), as the badminton training life long, on the influence of the reaction time is also more significant.2. volleyball The 1 group and 2 group of volleyball is selected by comparing the reaction time and reaction time to identify were significantly increased (P0.01**), no significant increase of simple reaction time (P0.05) of.3. group and 2 professional badminton volleyball professional compared to the 2 groups, three kinds of reaction time were no significant difference (P0.05), indicating a short time in different sports on the influence of three kinds of reaction when there is almost no difference between the.4. professional badminton too big 1 volleyball professional group and 1 group compared with the simple reaction time reaction time was significantly increased (P0.01**), shorten the simple and choice reaction of 1 groups of professional badminton the more obvious but the discrimination reaction between the two groups when compared to no significant difference (P0.05). Conclusion: long time to participate in the badminton exercise and volleyball exercise on simple reaction time, choice reaction time, discrimination reaction time has significant effect, but compared to For a long time, badminton exercise played a more significant role in simple reaction time and selective reaction than in volleyball exercise for a long time, but there was no significant difference in discriminating reaction time.

【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G847;G842

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