欧盟一体化进程中体育政策研究

发布时间：2018-02-05 17:22

本文关键词： 体育政策欧盟一体化　出处：《杭州师范大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：欧盟是世界上体育活动发展最为活跃的地区之一,欧盟的一体化发展策略也取得了巨大成功。在欧盟一体化进程中其体育政策也随之发展完善。通过查阅欧盟体育政策文本、欧盟官方网站、现有中外文研究资料,对欧洲体育管理的组织、结构、体系、融资方式,欧盟体育管理组织机构,欧盟重要条约与体育之间的关系,欧盟体育的社会方面,欧盟体育的经济方面以及未来欧盟体育发展的战略重点等几个方面进行了论证,梳理了在欧盟一体化视域下欧盟体育政策的发展。发现欧洲体育管理组织分为政府组织、非政府组织和其他组织。欧洲体育组织结构呈自下而上的金字塔构型。欧洲国家的体育政策体系类型分为官僚性、企业型、使命型、社会型。欧洲国家的体育立法与融资方式不尽相同,但是欧洲国家趋向于给予体育国家层面上的资助。欧盟的组织机构有欧盟部长理事会、欧盟委员会、欧洲议会、欧洲法院。欧盟体育相关的重要条约有《欧共体条约》、《里斯本条约》、《欧盟体育白皮书》。欧盟体育政策主要包括青少年运动员保护、体育对外关系方面、打击兴奋剂、体育促进民众健康、体育在教育与训练方面的作用、志愿者服务和非盈利组织、体育的社会融入和社会对话、体育的环境保护、体育的财政资助、运动员的自由流通和国籍、体育经纪人、职业体育转播权、体育博彩业、体育无形资产的开发与保护、体育税收优惠政策、错误!未定义书签。治理体育腐败。未来欧盟体育政策发展战略重点是健康、社会融入、教育与训练、反兴奋剂、运动员职业生涯规划、体育统计、可持续融资、竞争法、国家援助、媒体权等。研究认为:一、欧盟正视体育的重要性。欧盟委员会、欧盟部长理事会、欧洲议会都有专门处理体育事务的机构,欧盟将体育相关内容写入《里斯本条约》,欧盟的教育、健康、青少年培养基金往往给予体育以资助;二、欧盟体育政策日臻完善。《欧盟体育白皮书》从社会、经济、组织机构、后续发展几方面规划了欧盟未来体育发展的蓝图,以此为基础,欧盟针对体育相关问题出台了许多政策文件;三、奉行一体化政策的欧盟在国际体育组织的话语权远大于单个国家。国际足联不得不根据欧盟运动员自由流通规定修改转会规则;四、欧盟尊重体育的特殊性。在体育相关案例中,欧洲法院遵循逐案审查原则,关于体育在欧盟法的适用方面,欧盟认为体育不同于其他社会活动,应当充分考虑到体育的特殊性。对我国的启迪是:一、在国际化背景下完善我国体育体制与政策法规;二、转变体育发展模式,完成由“体育大国”向“体育强国”的转变;三、构思我国区域体育一体化发展规划。
[Abstract]:The European Union is one of the regions with the most active development of sports activities in the world. The integration development strategy of the EU has also made great success. In the process of EU integration, its sports policy has also developed and perfected. Through consulting the text of EU sports policy, the official website of the EU has been obtained. Existing Chinese and foreign language research materials, European sports management organization, structure, system, financing methods, the EU sports management organization, the relationship between the EU important treaties and sports, the social aspects of EU sports. The economic aspects of EU sports and the strategic focus of EU sports development in the future are discussed. Combing the development of EU sports policy from the perspective of EU integration, it is found that European sports management organizations are divided into government organizations. Non-government organizations and other organizations. The structure of European sports organizations presents a bottom-up pyramid structure. The sports policy system of European countries can be classified into bureaucratic, enterprise and mission type. Social type. European countries' sports legislation and financing methods are different, but European countries tend to give sports national level of funding. The European Union has the Council of Ministers of the European Union, the European Commission. The European Parliament, the European Court of Justice, the important treaties relating to EU sports include the Treaty of EC, the Treaty of Lisbon, the White Paper of EU Sports. The EU sports policy mainly includes the protection of young athletes. In terms of sports external relations, the fight against stimulants, the role of sport in promoting public health, the role of sports in education and training, volunteer services and non-profit organizations, social integration of sports and social dialogue. Sports environmental protection, sports financial support, free circulation and nationality of athletes, sports brokers, professional sports broadcasting rights, sports gambling, sports intangible assets development and protection, sports tax preferential policies. Wrong! The future EU sports policy development strategy focuses on health, social integration, education and training, anti-doping, athletes career planning, sports statistics, sustainable financing. Competition law, state aid, media rights and so on. The study holds that: first, the EU faces the importance of sports. The European Commission, the Council of Ministers of the EU, and the European Parliament all have specialized bodies dealing with sports affairs. The EU includes sports in the Treaty of Lisbon, and the EU funds for education, health and youth development are often used to fund sports. Second, EU sports policy is becoming more and more perfect. The White Paper of EU Sports plans the blueprint for the future development of EU sports from the aspects of society, economy, organization and subsequent development. The EU has issued many policy documents on sport-related issues; Third, the European Union, which pursues the integration policy, has far greater voice power in international sports organizations than in individual countries. FIFA has to amend the transfer rules according to the rules of free circulation of EU athletes; Fourthly, the EU respects the particularity of sports. In sport-related cases, the European Court of Justice follows the principle of case by case review. As for the application of sports in EU law, the EU believes that sports are different from other social activities. We should take the particularity of sports into full consideration. The enlightenment to our country is as follows: first, to perfect our sports system and policies and regulations under the background of internationalization; Second, change the development mode of sports, complete the transformation from "sports big country" to "sports powerful country"; Third, conceive our country area sports integration development plan.
【学位授予单位】：杭州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G811

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