2014年巴西世界杯16强球队快速反击战术运用的分析

发布时间：2018-02-13 12:33

本文关键词： 2014 巴西世界杯 16强球队快速反击战术　出处：《苏州大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：现代足球比赛中,技战术的发展越发趋向于“快速”、“效率”、“多元化”。2014年巴西世界杯中,上届冠军西班牙队小组未能出现,表明一味的追求控制和短传渗透战术已经不再战无不胜,这种缺乏变化的战术终将退出历史舞台。纵观近年世界高水平国家队和俱乐部,他们都有着很强的快速反击能力,且快速反击形成进球的比例逐年上升。快速反击战术是一种由守转攻的手段,其最鲜明的特点是出其不意、攻其不备。在运用快速反击战术时,防守和进攻的转换往往是在一瞬间完成的。一次有效的快速反击经常使对方的防守不能及时到位,险象环生,甚至造成失球。在足球赛事中以快速反击战术获取进球,从而最终战胜对手的比赛屡屡出现,其有效性是我们有目共睹的。快速反击战术并不是一个新开发的战术,在过去,人们往往认为只有弱队和传统打反击的球队才会使用它。近年来,越来越多的球队尝试运用快速反击战术,他们在运用过程中,并不只是防守和反击,而是将快速反击战术与其他战术相结合,追求战术的速度、效率和变化。在经过无数次的实践证明后,快速反击战术以其“快速、简练、高效、实用”的特点引起了越来越多足球人的重视。本文以国内“常规技术统计”方法惯例为基础,借鉴国际足联技术部主任首席讲师汉斯·马洛茨基博士对足球比赛各项数据的统计方法,综合足球资深专家、导师的意见,制定出该论文的统计标准。然后以文献资料法、观察统计法、数理统计法、案例分析法等研究方法,以2014年巴西世界杯16强球队快速反击战术的运用情况为研究对象,调查2014年巴西世界杯16强球队在56场比赛中对快速反击战术的运用情况,并对16强球队在运用快速反击战术所处的不同比赛时段、不同比赛场区、不同比分状态,以及传球次数、成功的方式、失败的原因等各方面进行全面深刻的统计与分析。总结出本届世界杯16强各队在比赛中快速反击战术的运用情况,并研究与探讨快速反击战术的运用规律,力求较为客观的反映当今世界足球比赛中运用快速反击战术的基本特点和发展趋势。通过本研究结果表明:1.世界各国球队越来越重视快速反击战术的运用。2.快速反击战术的运用频率和球队的强弱及传统打法无关。3.快速反击战术的运用受时间段和场区的影响较小。4.巴西世界杯快速反击战术的进球率与成功率无明显相关性。5.快速反击的成功率取决于较少的出球次数和压迫式防守。6.快速反击战术的运用离不开优秀球员的个人能力。7.快速反击战术对于各个位置球员的技战术要求越来越高。8.快速反击战术不拘泥于任何技术形式。
[Abstract]:In modern football matches, the development of techniques and tactics has become more and more "fast", "efficient" and "diversified". In 2014, the last champion Spain team failed to appear at the World Cup in Brazil. This shows that the pursuit of control and short-pass penetration tactics is no longer invincible, and this lack of change will eventually withdraw from the stage of history. Looking at the world's high level national teams and clubs in recent years, they all have a strong ability to counter back quickly. And the proportion of quick counterattack forming goals has been increasing year by year. Quick counterattack tactics is a means of changing attack by defense, the most striking characteristic of which is that it is unexpected and unexpected. In the use of quick counterattack tactics, The transition between defense and attack is often done in a flash. An effective quick counterattack often causes the opponent's defense to be delayed, dangerous, or even conceded. In football, a quick counter-attack tactic is used to score goals. The effectiveness of the final victory over the opponent is obvious to all. Fast counterattack is not a newly developed tactic, in the past, People tend to think that only weak teams and traditional counterattack teams will use it. In recent years, more and more teams have tried to use quick counter-attack tactics, not just defense and counterattack, in the process. Instead, it combines the rapid counter-attack tactics with other tactics, and pursues the speed, efficiency and variety of the tactics. After countless times of practice, the rapid counter-attack tactics have been proved to be "fast, concise and efficient," The characteristics of "practical" have attracted the attention of more and more football people. This paper is based on the domestic "conventional technical statistics" method and practice. Drawing on Dr. Hans Mallotsky's statistical method of football match data, using the advice of senior football experts and mentors, we worked out the statistical criteria for this paper. Observing the methods of statistics, mathematical statistics, case analysis and so on, taking the application of the fast counter-attack tactics of the top 16 teams of Brazil World Cup in 2014 as the research object, In 2014, a survey was made on the use of fast counter attack tactics by the top 16 teams in the 56 matches in Brazil, and the different match periods, different match areas and different score states of the 16 top 16 teams in the use of fast counter attack tactics. As well as the number of passes, the way of success, the reasons for failure, and so on, to carry out comprehensive and profound statistics and analysis. Summed up the use of the fast counter-attack tactics of the top 16 teams in this World Cup. And to study and discuss the use of rapid counter-attack tactics, The aim is to reflect objectively the basic characteristics and development trend of using quick counterattack tactics in the world football match. The result of this study shows that the world teams pay more and more attention to the application of fast counter attack tactics. The frequency of counterattack tactics has nothing to do with the strength of the team and the traditional play methods .3. the use of rapid counter-attack tactics is less affected by time and field. 4. The scoring rate of the rapid counter-attack tactics in Brazil World Cup has no obvious correlation with the success rate. The success rate of quick counterattack depends on the fewer times of the ball out and the oppressive defense. 6. The use of quick counter attack tactics depends on the individual ability of the excellent players. 7. The technical and tactical requirements of the fast counter attack tactics for the players in various positions are increasing. The higher. 8. Quick counterattack tactics are not tied to any technical form.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G843

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