排球运动员肩袖损伤后扣球发力顺序分析及受伤原因探讨

发布时间：2018-02-16 02:50

本文关键词： 排球扣球肩袖损伤发力顺序　出处：《北京体育大学学报》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的:分析肩袖损伤运动员扣球时肌肉发力顺序,探讨肩袖损伤的原因,为运动员纠正错误动作、提高技术水平、预防肩袖损伤提供参考依据。方法:利用MEGAWIN6000表面肌电测试仪对肩袖损伤和肩部无伤的排球运动员疲劳前后的扣球动作进行测试,比较发力顺序的异同,分析肩袖损伤对动作控制的影响。结果:1)2组扣球发力各肌肉发力时刻占总动作时间百分比组间比较,疲劳前无伤组斜方肌中束和前锯肌明显大于有伤组,且差异具有非常显著性;2)损伤组组内比较,疲劳前斜方肌下束明显大于疲劳后,且差异具有显著性;3)损伤组仅在疲劳后主动上回旋肩胛骨再引臂,且没有内收预拉长;4)无伤组疲劳前后均会主动上回旋肩胛骨再引臂,且引臂前会内收上臂预拉长肌肉。结论:1)肩袖损伤运动员斜方肌下束激活异常,肩胛骨不稳定且主动运动滞后,肩峰下空间减小,容易引起撞击导致肩袖损伤;2)无伤运动员斜方肌中束和前锯肌激活明显早、贡献大,肩胛骨稳定且主动运动积极,肩峰下空间相对增大,可有效避免撞击损伤,内收预拉长动作有效提高扣球效果;3)肩袖损伤运动员与无伤运动员扣球发力顺序有明显差异,肩袖损伤运动员动作环节过度减少,幅度缩小,影响扣球质量且容易造成损伤。
[Abstract]:Objective: to analyze the order of muscle power when the athletes with rotator cuff injury spiked, to explore the causes of rotator cuff injury, to correct the wrong actions and to improve the technical level of the athletes. Methods: using MEGAWIN6000 surface electromyograph to test the spiking action before and after fatigue of volleyball players with rotator cuff injury and shoulder injury. The effect of rotator cuff injury on motion control was analyzed. Results compared with the percent of total action time, the median bundle and anterior serratus muscle of trapezius muscle in no injury group before fatigue were significantly larger than those in injured group. The difference was significant (P < 0.05). The inferior bundle of the anterior trapezius muscle was larger than that after fatigue, and the difference was significant only in the group of fatigue. And there was no adduction and prestretching. 4) in the no injury group, the shoulder blades were swung up before and after fatigue, and the muscles of the upper arm were prestretched. Conclusion: 1) abnormal activation of the inferior bundle of trapezius muscle was found in the rotator cuff injury athletes. The scapular bone is unstable and the active movement lags behind, the space of the subacromial is reduced, which is easy to cause the rotator cuff injury. (2) the medial bundle and anterior serratus muscle in the trapezius muscle of the uninjured athletes are activated earlier, the contribution is great, the scapular bone is stable and the active movement is active. The space under the acromial is relatively large, which can effectively avoid the impact injury, and can effectively improve the effect of spiking. (3) there are obvious differences in the order of spiking power between the players with and without the shoulder cuff injury, and the excessive reduction of the action links of the athletes with rotator cuff injury. Small amplitude, affect the quality of spiking and easy to cause damage.
【作者单位】：北京体育大学;北京大学第三医院;
【基金】：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助课题(编号:2015ZX022)
【分类号】：G842

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