台湾溯溪活动风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-02-16 09:37

本文关键词： 台湾溯溪活动风险管理山地运动高危险性　出处：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：2015年全国户外运动爱好者已达1.3亿。带有探险性质的户外运动,逐渐广被大众所接受。然而户外运动的冒险性、挑战性势必伴随安全风险的问题。溯溪活动近十年在台湾发展非常迅速与活跃。然而溯溪这项户外运动牵涉到攀岩、激流与绳索三个元素,造成高危险的情境,使活动有身体上的危险,且活动过程与参与结果具不确定性。本研究旨在以台湾溯溪活动风险管理为研究对象,采用了文献资料法、实地观察法、案例研究法,从目前发展现状问题以及活动意外案例找出其风险因素,并对台湾溯溪活动进行风险管理,结果如下:(1)透过历史数据信息整理2005年至2016年8月台湾溯溪活动意外事故案例收集、教练询问、现场勘察等途径获得风险信息。(2)从2005年1月至2016年8月期间找出的120个活动意外事故案例中可以得出:意外事故多发生在夏季,即为7、8、9月,而发生的时间通常在下午的时段,通常都是回程阶段。就地区而言,台湾东部发生意外的频率高于其他地区。将事故类型分为溪水暴涨受困、滑倒、遭溪水冲走、台风受困、体力不支、落石击中、迷路、昆虫攻击、暗流卷入、其他。而最常发生的类型为溪水暴涨受困、滑倒、遭溪水冲走。依照死亡率、受伤率、受困率又可以看出造成死亡率较多的活动故为:遭溪水冲走(34.48%)、体力不支(24.15%)、滑倒(20.69%);造成受伤率较多的活动事故为:昆虫攻击(55.42%)、遭溪水冲走(16.87%)、滑倒(15.67%);造成受困率的活动事故为:溪水暴涨受困坠落(78.01%)。依照组织类型分为:业者组织团(27.37%)、学校组织团(13.68%)、个人团(8.42%)、自组团(50.53%)。(3)目前台湾溯溪活动风险来源归类分为:组织管理风险、参与者风险、自然环境风险、政策法律风险。(4)使用了“列表排序法”和“2×2矩阵法”适合于对台湾溯溪活动风险进行评估。在风险列表排序的基础上合理的把风险进行归类,主要分为四大类,优先防范、充足准备、日常监控和定期检查。(5)通过对台湾溯溪活动风险辨识和评估,制定了相对应的策略,主要有风险规避、风险控制、风险转移、风险承担等风险策略进行风险管理。建一套能整合地方套能整合地方、及民间各单位之相关人力的安全通报与紧急支持系统,将意外的伤害降到最低。
[Abstract]:In 2015, the number of outdoor sports enthusiasts in the country reached 130 million. Outdoor sports with the nature of adventure, gradually become widely accepted by the public. However, the adventure of outdoor sports, Challenges are bound to be associated with safety risks. Anadromous activity has grown very rapidly and actively in Taiwan over the past decade. However, the outdoor activity involves rock climbing, rapids and ropes, creating a high risk situation. The purpose of this study is to study the risk management of anadromous activities in Taiwan with the methods of literature, field observation and case study. To find out the risk factors from the current situation of development and the active accident cases, and to manage the risk of Taiwan's anadromous activities. The results are as follows: 1) through historical data and information, collect the cases of Taiwan's anadromous Accidents from 2005 to August 2016. The coach asked, on-site investigation and other means to obtain risk information. 2) from January 2005 to August 2016, 120 active accident cases can be found: most accidents occur in summer, that is, 7 / 8, September, As for the region, the frequency of accidents in eastern Taiwan is higher than that in other regions. The types of accidents are divided into streams, rising and trapped, sliding down, washed away by streams, and trapped by typhoons. Physical exhaustion, falling stones, getting lost, insect attacks, undercurrent involvement, and others. The most common type of occurrence is that streams surge, slide, and run away by streams. According to mortality, injury rates, It can also be seen that the activities which cause more death rate are: 34.48kum washed away by the stream, 24.15kung by the water, 20.6969g by the sliding, and 55.42cm by the insect attack, 16.87 by the stream water, 15.6767 by the trapping rate; and by the trapped rate, by the insect attack 55.42and by the stream water, 16.87 by the stream, and 15.6767 by the trapping rate. According to the organization type, the workers organize the troupe 27.37, the school organization is 13.68, the individual group is 8.42, and the self-organized group is 50.53. At present, the risk sources of the activities in Taiwan are classified as follows: organizational and management risks. Participant risk, natural environment risk, policy and law risk. 4) the "list ranking method" and "2 脳 2 matrix method" are used to evaluate the risk of anadromous activities in Taiwan. On the basis of risk list ranking, the risk is reasonably classified. It is mainly divided into four categories: priority prevention, adequate preparation, routine monitoring and regular inspection. (5) through risk identification and evaluation of Taiwan's anadromous activities, corresponding strategies have been formulated, which are mainly risk aversion, risk control, and risk transfer. Build a set of safety notification and emergency support system that can integrate local and civilian personnel to minimize accidental injury.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G895

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