巫武合流:武术秘密结社组织中的巫术影响研究

发布时间：2018-02-23 22:33

本文关键词： 身体文化巫术武术秘密结社组织仪式　出处：《体育科学》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：秘密结社组织常利用流行的武术拳种,将画符扶乩、托言圣贤、练咒邪法等巫术仪式与习练拳棒等武技融为一体,形成巫武合流的特征。武术秘密结社组织的类型可分为秘密教门的文武分场、秘密会党的神灵附会和民间拳会的设坛降神。武术发展历史长河中,武术套路渊源可能始于"模仿巫术",武术理论的阴阳、五行、八卦等玄学亦具有神秘性,不少武术拳种和门派的起源也有自身的传说。特别是明清社会动荡之际,以义和团为代表的武术秘密结社组织,与巫术相互依存。义和团等结社组织借助巫术手段可迅速扩大规模、吸纳成员,其所运用的武术招式与巫术仪式嫁接,借助巫武合流激发集体战斗的迷狂状态。秘密结社组织中的巫术特征对武术影响包括:推动武术的普及与传播,催生众多武术门派的形成,促进内外功法的完善,残留着封建糟粕和虚妄的因素。面对古已有之的武术结社组织中的巫术特征应积极引导,挖掘其学术和社会价值;对以武术之名,行巫术之实的"毒瘤"应坚决取缔并追究相关责任。
[Abstract]:Secret associations often use popular martial arts boxing to integrate witchcraft rituals such as drawing charms, proclaiming sages, practicing mantras, and practicing martial arts such as boxing sticks and so on. The types of Wushu secret association organizations can be divided into secret secularism, secret spiritual association and folk boxing association. The development of Wushu has a long history. The origin of Wushu routines may begin with "imitating witchcraft". The metaphysics of Wushu theory, such as Yin and Yang, five elements, and eight diagrams, is also mysterious. The origins of many martial arts fighters and schools also have their own legends, especially when the Ming and Qing dynasties were in social turmoil. The secret association organization of martial arts represented by the Boxer Troupe is interdependent with witchcraft. With the help of witchcraft, the Yihetuan and other association organizations can rapidly expand their scale and attract members, and the martial arts methods used by them are grafted with witchcraft rituals. The influence of witchcraft characteristics in secret association organizations on Wushu includes: promoting the popularization and dissemination of Wushu, promoting the formation of many martial arts schools, and promoting the perfection of internal and external functions. In the face of the ancient Wushu association in the characteristics of witchcraft should be actively guided to tap its academic and social value. The actual "cancer" of witchcraft should be resolutely banned and held accountable.
【作者单位】：华南师范大学
【基金】：国家社会科学基金资助项目(15CTY020)
【分类号】：G852

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