黑、吉两省花样滑冰青少年后备人才培养体系比较研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 09:53

本文关键词： 花样滑冰青少年后备人才培养体系　出处：《吉林体育学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：黑龙江、吉林两省利用环境优势条件,开展了很多冰上运动,花样滑冰就是其中一项重要的项目。利用这一优势条件,黑龙江、吉林两省一直以来都是我国花样滑冰人才的发源地,在国际各大赛事上获得了很多优异成绩,近些年国家对黑龙江、吉林两省花样滑冰进行了很多创新与改革,为黑龙江、吉林两省花样滑冰的发展提供了更多平台,也为后备人才的培养和发展提供了更多机会,但是由于老一批优秀运动员的退役造成了后备人才断层的发展趋势,特别是在基层的后备人才,培养后向上一级输送的问题尤为显著。之后国家推出了“北冰南展”政策,将我国花样滑冰向南方城市发展,在南方培养出更多优秀的后备人才。本文以黑龙江、吉林两省开展花样滑冰项目的部分业余体校、市运动队、省运动队的教练员以及运动员为调查对象,采用文献资料法、实地考察法、问卷调查法、数据统计法等研究方法,对黑龙江、吉林两省花样滑冰后备人才培养体系的相关内容:运动员培养体系(人才培养结构、人才资源、运动动机等);教练员(专业技能、科研能力等);运动员训练及比赛情况;运动员学习及日常生活管理的内容四大方面进行进行调查及对比分析。本文通过跟踪、调查,对搜集的数据进行整理、归纳总结,分析研究以及深入思考黑、吉两省花样滑冰后备人才培养体系的现状、存在的问题以及改进措施,旨在为黑龙江、吉林两省花样滑冰青少年运动员的可持续发展提供理论上的依据,从而促使黑龙江、吉林两省花样滑冰后备力量的有序良性发展;同时,为“北冰南展”政策开展过程中可能遇到的问题引以为鉴,为该政策的开展抛砖引玉。笔者将调查过程中的有效依据进行系统的理论研究与实际结合分析,得出如下结论:1.在人力资源体系方面,黑、吉两省花样滑冰后备人才数量呈下降趋势,但全国花样滑冰后备人才数量呈上升趋势,两省的花样滑冰后备人才来源多数是经济发展好的省会城市,其他城市人才培养数量比较贫瘠,这一现状两省没有明显差异。黑龙江省教练员认为花样滑冰后备人才培养体系不合理的比例比吉林省高。黑、吉两省的教练员多数是高水平的运动员退役留任,专业技能水平高,训练经验丰富,但是科研能力相对欠缺;黑龙江省教练员的培训学习次数多于吉林省,黑龙江省相关部门对教练员的学习组织管理优于吉林省。2.在竞赛训练体系方面,黑龙江省相比吉林省更加偏向于每周5-6次训练,但是吉林省运动员每天的训练时间长于黑龙江省,吉林省运动员每年参加比赛的次数多于黑龙江省。3.在后勤保障管理体系方面,两省对运动员日常管理都亟须完善,但从数据来看,黑龙江省的教练员对运动员的管理相对吉林省的教练员更加严格,对运动员学习文化知识的引导也优于吉林省。4.黑、吉两省的后备人才培养政策保障制度都需要不断完善。
[Abstract]:Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces have carried out a lot of sports on ice, and figure skating is one of the important projects. Taking advantage of this advantage, Heilongjiang, Jilin Province has always been the birthplace of Chinese figure skating talents, and has achieved many excellent results in major international competitions. In recent years, the state has carried out many innovations and reforms in figure skating in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces, for Heilongjiang, The development of figure skating in the two provinces of Jilin Province has provided more platforms and opportunities for the training and development of reserve talents. However, due to the retirement of the old group of outstanding athletes, the development trend of the gap of reserve talents has been created. In particular, the problem of training the reserve talents at the grassroots level is particularly significant. Later, the country launched the policy of "North Ice and South Development", which developed our country's figure skating to the southern cities. In this paper, some amateur sports schools in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces, city sports teams, coaches and athletes of provincial sports teams are the objects of investigation. Field investigation, questionnaire survey, data statistics and other research methods, the relevant contents of the training system of the reserve talents of figure skating in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces are as follows: the training system of athletes (talent training structure, talent resources, etc.). Sports motivation and so on; coaches (professional skills, scientific research ability, etc.); athletes training and competition situation; athletes' learning and daily life management content of four aspects of investigation and comparative analysis. Collating, summarizing, analyzing and studying the collected data, and deeply thinking about the present situation, existing problems and improvement measures of the training system for the reserve talents of figure skating in Black and Jilin provinces, aiming at providing Heilongjiang, In order to promote the orderly and benign development of the reserve forces of figure skating in Heilongjiang and Jilin provinces, the sustainable development of the young figure skating athletes in the two provinces of Jilin Province can be provided with theoretical basis. At the same time, In order to draw lessons from the problems that may be encountered in the process of carrying out the policy of "North Ice and South Exhibition", the author makes a systematic theoretical research and practical analysis on the effective basis of the investigation. In the aspect of human resources system, the number of figure skating reserve talents in Black and Jilin provinces shows a downward trend, but the number of national figure skating reserve talents is on the rise. Most of the reserve talent sources for figure skating in the two provinces are the provincial capitals with good economic development, while the number of talents trained in other cities is relatively poor. There is no obvious difference between the two provinces. The coaches in Heilongjiang Province think that the unreasonable proportion of the training system of reserve talents for figure skating is higher than in Jilin Province. The professional skill level is high, the training experience is rich, but the scientific research ability is relatively lacking; Heilongjiang Province coaches have more training and learning times than Jilin Province, The relevant departments of Heilongjiang Province have better learning organization and management of coaches than Jilin Province. In the aspect of competition training system, Heilongjiang Province is more inclined to train 5-6 times a week than Jilin Province. However, the training time of athletes in Jilin Province is longer than that in Heilongjiang Province, and the number of times that Jilin Province athletes participate in competitions every year is more than that in Heilongjiang Province. In the aspect of logistics support management system, the two provinces urgently need to improve the daily management of athletes. But from the data point of view, the management of the coaches in Heilongjiang Province is more strict than that of the coaches in Jilin Province, and the guidance for the athletes to learn cultural knowledge is also superior to that in Jilin Province. The policy guarantee system of reserve talent training in Jilin and Jilin provinces needs to be improved constantly.
【学位授予单位】：吉林体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G862.2

【相似文献】