沙滩排球运动员“沙感”的评价指标体系研究

发布时间：2018-03-10 23:46

本文选题：沙滩排球　切入点：沙感　出处：《首都体育学院》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：沙滩排球是在沙子这一特殊的比赛环境介质上进行的,运动员面临着对沙子的流动性和可压缩性等特性的熟悉与适应,即“沙感”。而近年来,“沙感”逐渐被重视,并作为选拔优秀沙滩排球后备力量的依据之一,但目前还没有一个完整的评价运动员“沙感”的指标体系,许多教练员对“沙感”的认识也只是停留在主观的评价,具有不稳定性和片面性。阐明“沙感”的概念和内涵,建立沙滩排球运动员“沙感”的评价指标体系并构建评价模型,为运动员的选材及其训练质量评价提供理论依据,有利于沙滩排球运动的更好发展。本研究主要采用文献资料法、问卷调查法和数理统计法收集、整理、分析数据。研究结果表明:1.沙滩排球运动员的“沙感”是在个体身心发展的基础上,运动员在沙地上运动时,对沙子的感知、学习、利用的经验与能力。“沙感”本质上是沙滩排球运动员在运动过程中通过对沙子的物理特性和对人体本身运动状态的感知而获得的复杂的专门化知觉,运动员只有获得了这种专门化知觉才有可能在沙滩排球比赛中获得优异成绩。“沙感”既受先天因素的影响和制约,也与后天长久的训练有密切关系,“沙感”在很大程度上可以通过后天训练获得改善和提高。2.“沙感”与心理学和生理学因素关联密切,不同年龄阶段和不同性别的沙排运动员的“沙感”评价指标体系及评价模型会有所不同。少年女子沙滩排球运动员“沙感”的评价模型为Y=5.890-0.120X1-0.016X2(Y为“沙感”得分,X1为多方向移动,X2为单腿静立平衡右),少年男子沙滩排球运动员“沙感”的评价模型为Y=1.940+0.137X1+0.223X2-0.035X3(Y为“沙感”得分,X1为单腿静立平衡左,X2为羽毛球掷远,X3为反复横跨20秒),这两个模型对其各自年龄段及性别的沙滩排球运动员“沙感”的预测及评价效果较好。青年女子沙滩排球运动员“沙感”的评价模型中仅包含反复横跨30秒一项评价指标,青年男子沙滩排球运动员“沙感”的评价模型中包含仰卧起坐30秒、立定跳远和俯卧撑20秒三项评价指标,但这两个模型对其各自年龄段及性别的沙滩排球运动员“沙感”的预测性较低,有待今后进一步研究。
[Abstract]:Beach volleyball is carried out on sand, which is a special environment medium. Athletes are faced with the familiarity and adaptation of sand mobility and compressibility, that is, "sand feeling". In recent years, "sand feeling" has been paid more and more attention to. And as one of the bases for selecting excellent beach volleyball reserve force, but there is not a complete index system to evaluate athletes'"sand feeling", many coaches' understanding of "sand feeling" just stays in subjective evaluation. It is unstable and one-sidedness. This paper expounds the concept and connotation of "sand feeling", establishes the evaluation index system of beach volleyball player "sand feeling" and constructs the evaluation model, which provides the theoretical basis for the selection of athletes and the evaluation of their training quality. This study mainly adopts the methods of literature, questionnaire and mathematical statistics. The results of the study show that the sand feeling of beach volleyball players is based on the development of individual body and mind, and the perception and study of sand when athletes exercise on sand. Experience and ability to use. "Sand feeling" is essentially a complex specialized perception acquired by beach volleyball players through the physical characteristics of the sand and the perception of the human body's state of movement. Only when athletes acquire this kind of specialized perception can they get excellent results in beach volleyball competitions. "sand feeling" is influenced and restricted by innate factors. Also closely related to long-term training, "sand feeling" can be improved and enhanced to a large extent through acquired training. "sand feeling" is closely related to psychological and physiological factors. The evaluation index system and evaluation model of "sand feeling" of sand volleyball athletes of different ages and different genders will be different. The evaluation model of "sand feeling" of juvenile women beach volleyball athletes is Yeng 5.890-0.120X1-0.016X2Y and the score of "sand feeling" is X1. The evaluation model of young male beach volleyball player "sand feeling" is Yeng 1.940 0.137X1 0.223X2-0.035X3Y for "sand feeling" score X1 for single-legged static balance left X _ 2 for badminton throwing far and far across 20 seconds repeatedly. These two models have good prediction and evaluation effect on sand feeling of beach volleyball athletes of their respective ages and sexes. The evaluation model of young women beach volleyball athletes only contains one evaluation index that crosses 30 seconds repeatedly. The evaluation model of "sand feeling" for young men beach volleyball players includes three evaluation indexes: sit-up 30 seconds, standing long jump and push-ups 20 seconds. However, the prediction of sand feeling of beach volleyball players of their respective ages and genders by these two models is low, which needs further study in the future.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G842

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