高校男子排球运动员跳发球动作肌电特征研究

发布时间：2018-03-12 10:20

本文选题：高校男子排球运动员　切入点：跳发球　出处：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前,有关排球运动跳发球技术的生物力学研究已经较为深入,在对于跳发球动作的用力特征与肌肉的协调性分析也比较少,这对于掌握技术动作是不利的。本研究通过使用德国生产DELSYS?Trigno Mobile无线便携式表面肌电测试仪(16导)对运动员的排球跳发球过程中的主要肌群进行肌电分析,并通过摄像同步的测试方法进行研究,最后计算其积分肌电(IEMG)、肌电贡献率以及RMS。对长春市某高校排球运动员在跳发球中的主要作用肌肉进行现场测试分析,研究结论如下:1)运动员在完成跳发球助跑的最后一步阶段,上肢肌群的肱二头肌、三角肌放电强烈,躯干肌群中竖脊肌和斜方肌起主要的作用,下肢肌群股直肌、腓肠肌内侧头积分肌电值最大,表明此时下肢用力明显。2)运动员跳发球起跳缓冲阶段股直肌和腓肠肌在下肢缓冲中起主要作用,躯干肌群斜方肌、腹外斜肌一起与竖脊肌维持着躯干的挺直,上肢肱二头肌强烈的收缩和做功保持摆臂;而在蹬伸阶段下肢臀大肌、股内侧肌、股直肌、股外侧肌肌电活动维持高位,有利于下肢肌群的快速收缩,右肱二头肌积分肌电值达到了上肢的最大,使手臂向前上方挥摆。3)运动员跳发球空中击球阶段,引臂后拉期三角肌的肌电活动最强,肱二头肌、斜方肌与竖脊肌肌电活动水平也比较高,有利于引臂动作完成;挥臂击球阶段前臂的肱桡肌肌电活动水平比上臂前拉期明显增大,肱三头肌肌电活动强烈,同时胸大肌活动形成鞭打动作;击球结束后肱二头肌、肱桡肌、三角肌等主动发力肌群的肌电活动仍旧处在一定的水平,运动员手臂仍旧有随前动作,股直肌和腹外斜肌肌电活动增强,完成收腹动作。
[Abstract]:At present, the biomechanical research on the jumping serve technique of volleyball has been deeply studied, and the analysis of the force characteristics of the jumping serve and the coordination of the muscles are also relatively few. This is not good for mastering technical action. Trigno Mobile wireless portable surface electromyography tester (Trigno Mobile) was used to analyze the main muscle groups in the course of volleyball jumping and serve, and to study the test method of camera synchronization. Finally, the integral EMG, EMG contribution rate and RMS. the field test and analysis of the main muscles of a college volleyball player in Changchun are carried out. The conclusions are as follows: 1) the athletes are in the final step of finishing the jumper run-up. The brachii biceps and deltoid muscles of upper limb group have strong discharge. The vertical spinal muscle and trapezius muscle play the main role in the trunk muscle group. The lower extremity muscle group femoris rectus muscle, the medial gastrocnemius muscle medial head integral myoelectric value is the largest. The results show that the lower extremity force is obvious. 2) the rectus femoris and gastrocnemius muscles play a major role in the lower limb buffering, and the trunk muscle group trapezius muscle and the ventral oblique muscle together with the vertical spinal muscle maintain the trunk straight. The strong contraction and work of biceps muscle of upper limb keep the swing arm, while the electric activity of gluteus maximus, medial thigh muscle, rectus femoris muscle and lateral femoris muscle maintain high level in the period of pedal and extension, which is beneficial to the rapid contraction of lower extremity muscle group. The integral myoelectric value of the biceps of right brachii reached the maximum of the upper limb, which made the arm swing forward and above. 3) at the stage of jumping the ball in the air, the deltoid muscle of the right brachial biceps had the strongest electromyoelectric activity in the period of pulling after the lead arm, and the biceps brachii. The level of electromyography of trapezius muscle and vertical spinal muscle is also high, which is beneficial to the completion of forearm movement, and the level of brachioradialis myoelectric activity in forearm in swing stroke stage is obviously higher than that in upper arm anterior pulling stage, and the triceps brachii electromyoelectric activity is stronger than that in upper arm. At the same time, the pectoralis major muscle activity forms a whipping motion; after hitting the ball, the biceps, the brachial radial muscle, the deltoid muscle and other active muscle groups are still at a certain level, and the athlete's arm still has the forward movement. The muscle electrical activity of rectus femoris and external oblique muscle of abdomen was enhanced to complete the abdominal contraction.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G842

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