水阻槽牵引力训练对9~12岁游泳运动员技术及运动成绩的影响

发布时间：2018-03-16 17:17

本文选题：水阻槽　切入点：9～12岁年龄组游泳　出处：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在游泳运动普及化空间高涨的今天,国际上针对游泳训练的方法越来越先进,涉及训练的高科技产品也越来越多。各国之间的交流也变得很普遍,中国周期性地把运动员公派到澳大利亚或美国进行短期高强度游泳训练,例如孙杨到澳大利亚跟随丹尼斯进行长距离自由泳训练,而宁泽涛则与布朗教练合作专攻短距离自由泳,吴鹏也曾赴美国进行蝶泳的训练。笔者也曾在澳大利亚跟随丹尼斯进行过两个月的"魔鬼"训练。韩国、日本运动员的出国训练更加频繁。作为比较先进和高效的欧美训练方式,我们多少是有了解的。训练方式通常分大池训练和陆上训练两部分,大池训练以水感、技术、强度、耐力、心肺功能为核心,其中"强度"是训练中的重点,而陆上的训练则以力量为主,"核心"力量又是力量训练中的重点。除此以外,对于专业运动员来说,生理、饮食方面的监测也是非常细致的。本文则从另一个角度,通过改善动作质量和力量水平不断提升水中"推进力"的峰值和稳定性,以"峰值推进力"、"推进力衰竭率"和"冲量体重比"为评判标准来引导运动员进步。在这种训练方式中,我们开创性地使用水阻槽以及牵引力系统,其中牵引力系统会提供给我们大量有价值的数据,涵盖了关于"峰值推进力"、"推进力衰竭率"和"冲量体重比"的内容。我们称这种新型的训练方法为"水阻槽牵引力"训练法。为了论证水阻槽牵引力训练法,我们邀请了 9～12岁年龄组游泳学员作为运动员参与我们的周期训练,通过水下视频拍摄、50米长池测试、牵引力系统测试来获取运动员的在完成"水阻槽牵引力"训练前后的游泳姿态和游泳能力的变化,并且我们发现运动员已经拥有一定的提高,而且游的过程更加聪明。我们系统分析这些变化后将分析总结"水阻槽牵引力"训练方法的优劣,并进一步改善它使运动员能得到更加高效的提高。水阻槽牵引力训练法比较适合平时训练时间有限或长期没有进步的迷惑期运动员尝试使用。而水阻槽很适合推广到那些没有条件建设游泳馆的地方,特别是中国的中西部地区,这对推动游泳运动是非常有益的。
[Abstract]:Today, with the popularity of swimming, the international methods for swimming training are becoming more and more advanced, and more and more high-tech products are involved in training. Exchanges between countries have also become very common. China periodically sends athletes to Australia or the United States for short-term, high-intensity swimming training, such as Sun Yang's trip to Australia to follow Dennis for long-distance freestyle training. Ning Zetao worked with Brown coach to specialize in short distance freestyle, and Wu Peng also went to the United States to train in the butterfly. I also followed Dennis in Australia for two months of "devil" training. Japanese athletes train abroad more frequently. As a relatively advanced and efficient training method in Europe and the United States, we have some understanding. The training methods are usually divided into two parts: the big pool training and the onshore training. The big pool training takes water sense, technology, and intensity. Endurance, cardiopulmonary function is the core, in which "intensity" is the key point in training, while the training on land is based on strength, and "core" strength is also the key point in strength training. In addition, for professional athletes, physiology, The monitoring of diet is also very meticulous. This paper, from another angle, increases the peak and stability of "propulsion" in water by improving the quality of movement and the level of strength. We use "peak propulsion", "propulsion failure rate" and "impulse weight ratio" as criteria to guide athletes' progress. The traction system will give us a lot of valuable data. It covers the contents of "peak propulsion force", "propulsion failure rate" and "impulse weight ratio". We call this new training method "water resistance channel traction" training method. We invited the swimming cadets in the age group of 9 to 12 as athletes to participate in our cycle training, and we took a video shoot of the 50-meter long pool test under water. The traction system was tested to get the changes in swimming posture and swimming ability before and after the "water trap traction" training, and we found that the athletes had some improvement. And the process of swimming is smarter. We will analyze these changes systematically and summarize the advantages and disadvantages of the "drag trough traction" training method. It is more suitable for athletes who have limited training time or no progress in a long period of time to try to use it, while the water drag slot is very suitable for pushing. To places where there are no conditions for building a swimming pool, Especially in China's central and western regions, this is very beneficial to promote swimming.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G861.1

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