普通高考体育教育本科专业运动技能考试现状调查与对策研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 06:41

本文选题：体育教育专业　切入点：体育教育本科专业　出处：《首都体育学院》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：体育教育专业运动技能考试是为选拔合格的体育教育专业人才而举行的专门性考试,是普通高考的重要组成部分。体育教育专业学生是未来体育师资的主力军,体育教师的整体素质、业务能力的好坏关乎学校体育事业的健康发展,关乎体育教育的振兴,更关乎中小学生体质健康水平的提升和全面发展。近些年体育教育专业新生的身体素质及运动技能水平普遍偏低,甚至出现学生毕业后难以胜任中小学体育教育工作任务的现象。有人认为出现这种情况是因为目前一些省份在招生考试时,没有对学生的运动技能作特殊要求,导致本科院校体育教育专业学生运动技能较低,达不到体育教师的要求。为研究体育教育专业运动技能考试存在的问题与不足,有必要对体育教育专业运动技能考试的现状进行研究,为修订体育教育专业运动技能考试办法、提高对体育教育专业考生的运动技能考核要求提供参考。基于此,采用文献资料法、问卷调查法、实地调查法、访谈调查法和数理统计法等方法对当前体育教育专业运动技能考试的现状进行了调查研究。主要研究结论如下:(1)我国体育教育专业运动技能考试的历史沿革可以分成五个阶段——高考制度探索与初建阶段(1949-1965)、曲折发展阶段(1966-1976)、各省自定考试内容和评分标准阶段(1977-1985)、全国统一考试内容和评分标准阶段(1986-1988)和各省在全国统一的基础上有所选择阶段(1989至今)。(2)当前体育教育专业运动技能考试的主要模式分为4种,即“身体素质”模式、“身体素质+专项技能”模式、“身体素质+综合技能”模式、“身体素质+专项技能+辅项技能”模式。每种考试模式各有所长,其中“身体素质+专项技能+辅项技能”模式最能全面反映考生的综合素质。(3)当前体育教育专业运动技能考试的内容有待改进。主要问题表现在身体素质考试内容不够全面,不能完全反映考生的身体机能能力;部分考试内容对学生的健康有较大风险;将近半数的地区未考试专项技能,且考试专项技能的地区之间设置的考试内容存在较大差异。(4)地区之间体育教育专业运动技能考试的总成绩分值、身体素质成绩分值、专项技能成绩分值有较大差异。其中以总分值为100分,身体素质成绩占60%、专项技能成绩占40%的省份居多。部分本应累积记分的项目只按线性关系计分,评分标准还需进一步修改、完善。(5)当前体育教育专业运动技能考试的组织形式主要有“一个考点,分批考试”、“一个考点,统一考试”、“多个考点,分批考试”、“多个考点,统一考试”等四种,其中“一个考点,分批考试”的形式最为常用;湖北、浙江等省份的考试组织形式还需进一步完善。(6)受地理位置及气候影响,地区之间体育教育专业运动技能考试时间有不小差别,有在年前完成考试的地区,亦有高考后进行考试的地区,其中在3月至5月之间进行考试的地区居多。不同地区之间的考生完成考试所需时间差异较大,2-3天完成考试最合适。(7)部分地区体育教育专业运动技能考试流程及管理比较混乱,场地安排欠佳。频繁更换裁判员、将耐力项目放在中途考试、禁止考生短跑穿钉鞋、考场之间距离太远等问题有待解决;考试中的舞弊现象依然存在,贿赂考官、花钱买分、使用兴奋剂、请人代考、抢跑等现象时有发生。(8)参训动机不纯、训练时间较短、专项技能熟练程度差等原因,导致近年来高校招收的体育教育本科专业学生的身体素质和整体运动技能水平不高。(9)体育教育专业的录取类型主要有“重体兼顾文”、“重文兼顾体”、“文体兼顾”三种,其中“重体兼顾文”的录取方式最为常见,“文体兼顾”的录取类型最合理。
[Abstract]:Athletic skills of physical education specialized examination examination is held for the selection of qualified personnel of physical education, is an important part of the college entrance examination. The students majoring in physical education is the main force in the future of sports teachers, the overall quality of physical education teachers, the healthy development of business ability relates to the school physical education, physical education for revitalization the more about the health of pupils and students to enhance the level and all-round development. Physical quality and skill level of freshmen majoring in Physical Education in recent years is generally low, even after graduation to accomplish the task of physical education in primary and secondary schools of the phenomenon. Some people think that this is the case because some provinces in the entrance examination, there is no movement the special requirements on students' skills, resulting in Physical Education in Universities Sports Students' professional skills is low, not up to sports The requirements of teachers. For the existing research on physical education professional sports skills examination problems and shortcomings, it is necessary to study the status quo of sports education professional skills test, for physical education professional sports skill exam revision, to improve physical education candidates movement skills assessment requirements for reference. Based on this, using the method of literature, questionnaire survey method, field survey method, the survey interviews and mathematical statistics method on the current sports education professional skills test. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the history of China's sports education professional skills test movement can be divided into five stages: Exploration and construction of college entrance examination system stage (1949-1965), tortuous development stage (1966-1976), the self examination content and standard for evaluation stage (1977-1985), national examination content and standard for evaluation Stage (1986-1988) choice stage and the provinces in the national unity on the basis of (since 1989). (2) the main mode of current sports education professional skills test is divided into 4 kinds, namely "physical fitness" mode, "physical quality and special skills", "physical quality and comprehensive skills" mode. "Physical quality and special skills + auxiliary skill" mode. Each mode of examination of comprehensive quality which each one has his good points, physical quality and special skills + auxiliary skills "mode can fully reflect the candidates. (3) the current sports education professional skills test content needs to be improved. The performance of the main problems in the physical examination content is not enough overall, can not fully reflect the candidates' physical ability; greater risk of being part of the exam content to the student health examination; nearly half of the area is arranged between the examination and special skills, special skills area There is a big difference between the exam content. (4) area between sport and physical education professional skills test score total score, physical performance scores, scores of special skill scores are quite different. The total score of 100 points, physical fitness scores accounted for 60%, the special skill scores accounted for 40% of the provinces are part of this should be cumulative score. The project only according to the linear relationship between the score, standard for evaluation need to be further revised and improved. (5) the current sports education professional skills test organization is the main form of "one batch" test, exam, a test center, unified exam "," test sites, batch test "," multiple sites unified examination of "four", in which a batch test, examination form is most commonly used; Hubei, Zhejiang and other provinces, the examination organization also needs to be further improved. (6) by geographical location and climate influence, between the area of Physical Education College Industry skill examination time is not a small difference, have finished the examination at the end of the year the area, also after the college entrance examination test area, the test between March and May. The majority area between different regions of the candidates to complete the exam required time difference, 2-3 days to complete the examination (7) is the most suitable. Part of physical education in professional sports skills examination process and management confusion, poor site arrangement. The frequent replacement of the referee, endurance project on the midway test ban candidates sprint wear spikes, the long distance between the examination questions are to be solved; fraud examination still exist, bribery, money to buy, use of stimulants, please test, false start phenomena have occurred. (8) the motives, the training time is short, the special skilled degree difference and other reasons, resulting in recent years, colleges and universities to recruit undergraduate students in Physical Education The physical quality and the overall skill level is not high. (9) physical education professional admission are the main types of "heavy body and Gu Wen", "re balance", "style of both" three, "the heavy body and Gu Wen" admission is the most common, "the style of both the admission type the most reasonable.

【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G807.4

【参考文献】