山东省高校大学生课外体育锻炼的现状调查及分析

发布时间：2018-03-20 14:19

本文选题：大学生　切入点：课外体育锻炼　出处：《山东师范大学》2008年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 课外体育锻炼是一个相对的概念,从广义上讲,课外体育锻炼泛指学生参加的除体育课以外的体育锻炼活动,从狭义上讲,它特指学生在学校内从事的除体育课教学以外的体育锻炼活动,指学生在课余时间里,运用各种身体练习和方法,以增强体质、活跃身心、提高运动技术水平和丰富业余文化生活等为目的而进行的体育教育活动,它不仅仅是学校体育的组成部分,更是课外体育活动的重要内容。本文所提到的课外体育锻炼是指狭义的课外体育锻炼。长期以来,人们习惯把课外体育锻炼看成是体育课的延伸和补充,它是从属于体育课的,为体育课教学服务。在这种观念的影响下,很多学校在安排课外体育锻炼时只考虑它的延伸性,体育课教什么,课外体育锻炼就练什么,忽视学生对运动的兴趣和需要,忽视学生的心理感受和个性发展,其结果往往导致学生在复习巩固某些有形技术技能动作时都表示,不愿意再练习体育课上所学的内容,尽管近两年来有许多学者在研究课外体育锻炼时都提出了发展学生个性的问题,然而在实践中,还没有把它摆放到应有的位置上。 2007年5月份中共中央印发了《关于加强青少年体育增强青少年体质的意见》的文件,文件指出,“当前和今后一个时期,要认真落实‘健康第一'的指导思想,建立健全学校体育工作机制,充分保证学校体育课和学生体育活动,培养青少年良好的体育锻炼习惯和健康的生活方式,形成青少年热爱体育、崇尚运动、健康向上的良好风气和全社会珍视健康、重视体育的浓厚氛围,广泛开展‘全国亿万学生阳光体育运动',鼓励学生走向操场、走进大自然、走到阳光下,形成青少年体育锻炼的热潮”,“保证学生每天锻炼一小时,每个学生每周至少参加三次课外体育锻炼”,这无疑为青少年参加课外体育锻炼提供了一个很好的契机和平台,为学校更加广泛深入地开展课外体育锻炼注入了新的生机与活力。因此,在这样的政策背景下学校体育的作用也变得日益突出,学校体育的任务也变得更加明确和艰巨。学校课外体育锻炼不仅是全民健身的热点,通过积极主动的身体活动来锻炼身体、增强体质,它还是终身体育的重要环节,为终身体育打下良好的体质基础,同时还培养广大学生终身体育的意识、习惯和能力。我们要认识课外体育锻炼在学校教育教育中的地位和作用,全面贯彻党和国家的方针,以迎接2008年北京奥运会为契机,进一步激发他们对体育活动的参与意识,培养他们的健康意识与行为,使课外体育锻炼为现代化建设培养中国特色社会主义事业的合格建设者和接班人。本文运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、对比分析法等研究方法,对山东省高校大学生参加课外体育锻炼的现状进行了调查分析,在研究过程中得出了以下结论: 1.山东省高校大学生参加课外体育锻炼的动机比较明确且趋向多元化,态度比较积极,有66.86%的在校大学生都能积极主动地参加课外体育锻炼,希望通过体育锻炼,增强体质、减轻学习生活中的压力、丰富自己的业余生活,但仍有33.14%的大学生对课外体育锻炼不是很感兴趣,同时男生与女生在参与课外体育锻炼的动机和态度上存在着显著的差异。 2山东省高校大学生课外体育锻炼的形式多样,内容丰富,有8%的学生经常独自一人参加课外体育锻炼,有78%的学生与同学一起参加课外体育锻炼,有14%的学生只有组织的统一活动才参加,另外还有一部分学生参加课外体育锻炼具有一定的盲目性,无计划,缺乏科学合理的安排,管理的松弛也造成体育意识的偏差和下降。 3影响山东省高校大学生课外体育锻炼的因素是多方面的,主要因为学习压力大时间不足、场地器材缺乏、上网耗时多、组织和指导欠缺等,不同性别、年级和系别之间存在着差异。高校体育设施的经费投入不足,体育设施建设数量、体育设施标准偏低,严重制约着体育设施的建设发展,山东省高校的多数室内体育场馆和部分露天体育场地都实行“收费政策”,在很大程度上削弱了在校大学生参加课外体育锻炼的兴趣。 4山东省高校由于体育场馆、体育教学设施、学校类型等因素的不同,导致了体育群体意识的差异,决定了校园体育文化氛围不够浓厚、活跃,制约了学生的体育知识、技术、技能的学习,影响了学生组织能力、运动能力、自我锻炼能力的提高。 5山东省高校体育工作者宣传、教育、指导等工作力度不够,课外体育锻炼只是把学生局限在校园内,处于封闭状态下,与家庭体育和社会体育产生分离,造成了两者在目标、内容、形式上的脱节,不利于全民健身运动的普及和终身体育的开展。
[Abstract]:Extracurricular physical exercise is a relative concept, broadly speaking, refers to the students to participate in extracurricular physical exercise in addition to physical education and physical training activities, in a narrow sense, it refers to the students in the school except in PE teaching and physical training activities, students in their spare time, using a variety of body exercises and methods to enhance the physical, mental and physical activity, improve sports skills and enrich the amateur cultural life for the purpose of physical education activities, it is not only a part of the school physical education, is an important content of extracurricular sports activities. The extracurricular physical exercise refers to the special extracurricular physical exercise.
For a long time, people used to the extracurricular physical exercise as the extension and supplement of physical education, it is subordinate to the sports class, serving for the physical education. Under this influence, many schools only consider the extension of it in the arrangement of extracurricular physical exercise, physical education teach what extracurricular physical exercise practice what, ignore students' interest in sports and to ignore students' psychological feelings and personality development, the results often lead students to consolidate certain physical skills in action review said, do not want to practise sports course content, although in recent years many scholars have put forward the development of students' personality problems in the study of extracurricular physical exercise, but in practice, have not put it into the proper position.
In 2007 May, the CPC Central Committee issued "on strengthening the youth sports enhance youth physical view > document, the document pointed out that the current and future periods, to seriously implement the" health first "the guiding ideology, establish a sound working mechanism of school sports, fully guarantee the school physical education classes and sports activities of the students, cultivate the good way of life physical exercise habits and health of teenagers, teenagers love the sports form, athleticism, health upward good atmosphere and the whole society pay attention to cherish health, sports atmosphere, widely carry out" sunshine sports for millions of students' all over the country, encouraging students to the playground, into the nature, going into the sun, the formation of youth sports exercise "boom," to ensure that students exercise one hour a day, at least three times each week students in extracurricular physical exercise, this undoubtedly for teenagers to participate in extracurricular Provides a good opportunity and platform for the school physical exercise, more extensive extracurricular physical exercise has injected new vigor and vitality. Therefore, such a policy in the context of the role of school sports has become increasingly prominent, the task of the school sports has become more clear and arduous. The school extracurricular physical exercise not only is the focus of national fitness, through active physical activity to exercise, enhance physical fitness, it is still an important part of lifelong physical education, physical lifelong lay a good foundation for sports, but also cultivate students' lifelong sports consciousness, habits and abilities. We should know the position and role of extracurricular physical exercise in school education in education, fully implement the guidelines of the party and the country, to greet the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games as an opportunity to further stimulate their awareness of participation in sports activities, cultivate their health Health consciousness and behavior, make extracurricular physical exercise as the qualified builder and successor for the modernization of the socialist cause of Chinese characteristics.
Based on literature, questionnaire, comparative analysis and other research methods, this paper investigates and analyzes the current situation of College Students' extracurricular physical exercise in Shandong Province, and draws the following conclusions in the research process.
1. Shandong college students to participate in extracurricular physical exercise motivation and diversification, more positive attitude, 66.86% of undergraduates are able to participate in the extracurricular physical training actively, to enhance physical fitness through exercise, alleviate the pressure of life, enrich their leisure life, but there are still 33.14% of the students extracurricular physical exercise is not very interested in, at the same time, boys and girls. There are significant differences in extracurricular physical exercise motivation and attitude.
2 the Shandong province university student extracurricular physical training in various forms, rich in content, 8% of the students are often alone in extracurricular physical exercise, there are 78% students and students together to participate in the extracurricular physical exercise, unified activity of 14% students only to participate, there is also a part of students participating in extracurricular physical exercise is blind no, the plan, the lack of scientific and reasonable arrangement, management also caused a deviation of consciousness of physical relaxation and decline.
3 Influence Factors of college students in Shandong province extracurricular physical exercise is various, mainly because of lack of study pressure, lack of facilities, the Internet takes a lot of time, organization and lack of guidance, there are difference between different gender, grade and other sports facilities. The lack of funding, the number of sports facilities, sports facilities the standard is low, seriously restricting the development of sports facilities in Colleges and universities in Shandong Province, the majority of indoor sports venues and stadiums are part of the implementation of "charging policy" has greatly weakened the college students to participate in extracurricular physical exercise interest.
4 colleges and universities in Shandong Province as sports venues, sports teaching facilities, school type and other factors, led to the difference of group consciousness of sports, determines the campus sports culture atmosphere is not strong, active, restricted their sports knowledge, technology, skill learning, influence students' organizational ability, athletic ability, self exercise ability to improve.
5 the Shandong province university sports education workers, propaganda, guidance is not enough, but the limitations of students extracurricular physical exercise in the campus, in a closed state, the separation of sports and family sports and society, caused both in the target, content, and section form, is not conducive to the popularity of fitness and lifelong sports the development of sports.

【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：G807.4

【参考文献】