湖南巫家拳传承及其技术特征的研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 16:23

本文选题：巫家拳　切入点：传承　出处：《广州体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,传统武术备受国家重视,关于传统武术回归的呼声也日渐高涨,巫家拳作为中华民族129种优秀传统武术拳种之一,是传统武术的一大宝贵遗产。随着社会的转型,巫家拳的生存和发展环境发生了变化,古老质朴的巫家拳陷入传承断层等发展困境。本研究的目的在于通过对巫家拳起源流派、技术体系及其成因的梳理和整理,唤起众人对巫家拳的关注。旨在填补巫家拳脉络、技术方面的空缺,为今后的巫家拳传承与发展研究提供一定理论依据。运用文献资料法、访谈法、实地考察法,以巫家拳为研究对象,对搜集到的资料进行筛选、整理、归纳、分析,初步完成对巫家拳的起源、流派、传承途径、传承内容、传承现状、巫家拳技术体系以及技术特征的成因等问题的理论探索。研究结果表明:1)巫必达创造了湖南地方性拳种巫家拳,目前在湖南、湖北发展最好,湖南又以长株潭为首。长沙唐派以练习田字六肘和麒麟六肘为主,株洲李派以矮桩掐吊六肘为主,湘潭冯派以习练三叉六肘、掐吊六肘、探力心意拳为主。2)巫家拳传承的主要途径是师徒传承和学校传承,传承至今,除存留的书籍、器械等看得见的实物外,其口传身授的练功程序和武德等也得以保存。在此过程中,传承途径和传承观念的改变利于巫家拳的发展,但也仍存在传承人断层、传承资料错误等不利因素。3)巫家拳善存的徒手套路有三叉六肘、麒麟六肘、田字六肘等;器械套路有巫家单刀、七步连针棍、巫家四门板凳;功法有爪功和罗汉功。诸多套路中当属徒手套路和功法保存状况较好,但仍存在部分套路失传危险。4)巫家拳的拳理科学性很强,蕴含了诸多中国古代哲学思想和机理。在其发展中,其技法和操作方法也符合现代多学科的理论要求。5)巫家拳的技术包括桩法、步法、腿法、手法、肘法,其中以肘法为长,肘法有撞肘、搁肘、扁肘等六肘,六肘既是进攻之利器,也是防守之关键。6)巫家拳的技术特征受自然地理环境、社会政治环境以及个人的影响,形成了少腿法、多手法和肘法,活动范围小,运行路线多直线的发劲刚猛,落点刚脆的不同风格特色的拳术套路。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the traditional Wushu has been attached great importance to by the state, and the voice of the return of the traditional Wushu is rising day by day. As one of the 129 kinds of outstanding traditional Wushu boxing of the Chinese nation, Wushu is a precious heritage of the traditional Wushu. The survival and development environment of Wushu has changed, and the ancient simple Wushu has fallen into the development dilemma such as the inheritance fault. The purpose of this study is to sort out the origin, technical system and causes of Wushu. Arousing people's attention to witchcraft boxing. The aim is to fill the gaps in the context and technology of witchcraft boxing, and to provide certain theoretical basis for the future research on the inheritance and development of witchcraft boxing. Taking Wushu as the research object, screening, sorting, summing up, analyzing and preliminarily completing the origin, schools, ways, contents, status quo of Wushu boxing. Theoretical exploration of the technical system and technical characteristics of Wushu. The research results show that Wubida has created the local Wushu in Hunan. At present, in Hunan, Hubei has the best development. Hunan was also led by Chang-Zhu-Tan. Changsha and Tang schools mainly practiced Tian Zi six cubits and Kirin six cubits, Zhuzhou Li faction mainly used short piles to hang six cubits, Xiangtan Feng faction practiced tripod six cubits, and pinched and hung six cubits. The main way of inheritance of witchcraft boxing is the inheritance of teachers and disciples and the inheritance of schools. Until now, in addition to books, instruments and other visible objects, In this process, the change of inheritance path and inheritance concept is beneficial to the development of witchcraft boxing, but there is still a fault of inheriting people. The unfavorable factors such as the error of inheriting data. 3) the unarmed routine of wizarding boxing has six cubits of three-fork, six cubits of Kirin, six cubits of Tian Zi, and so on, and the instrument routine has wizardry single knife, seven steps with needle stick, four door benches of witchcraft; Among the many routines, the freehand routine and the function method are better preserved, but there are still some routines that are lost in danger. 4) the boxing theory of Wushu is very scientific. It contains many ancient Chinese philosophical thoughts and mechanisms. In its development, its techniques and operation methods also accord with the modern multi-disciplinary theoretical requirements. 5) the techniques of witchcraft include pile method, footwork, leg method, manipulation, elbow method, among which elbow method is the long one. The elbow method has six cubits, such as hitting elbows, putting elbows, flat elbows, and so on. Six cubits are not only a sharp weapon for attack, but also a key to defense. 6) the technical characteristics of witchcraft are influenced by natural geographical environment, social and political environment, and individuals, forming the method of less legs, more techniques and elbows. Small range of activities, running lines of straight-line vigorous, point-crisp style of different styles of boxing routine.
【学位授予单位】：广州体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G852.1

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