羽毛球运动员竞技能力评价指标体系的构建

发布时间：2018-03-29 08:07

本文选题：羽毛球运动员　切入点：竞技能力　出处：《北京体育大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在当今优胜劣汰的竞技体育环境下,在众多人群中选择优秀运动人才的工作相当艰难,更何况还要科学培养这些具有先天优势的青少年运动员的工作更是难上加难。到目前为止,科学选材一直是我国培养优秀运动员训练过程的重要部分,它依据的是各项目竞技能力的构成要素,采用较科学的选拔方法,在众多的青少年人群中,能够比较正确地筛选出所有条件都比较出色的运动人才。除此之外,训练过程中也是需要了解运动员的竞技能力,教练员们依据运动员的准确的实际竞技能力,设计并采用训练计划、训练手段和训练方法。科学客观准确的竞技能力评价结果直接影响教练员对训练效果的判断,同时也有利于教练员对运动员的训练进行有效地调控。因此,建立一个科学的、合理的羽毛球运动员竞技能力评价指标体系就显得尤其重要。本论文采用文献资料法查阅了竞技能力的相关理论,并结合羽毛球的项目特点和运动员竞技能力的结构特点,通过以羽毛球运动员的竞技能力的指标为研究对象,采用问卷调查法对30位专家进行调查,统计分析问卷数据,并运用层级分析法和模糊综合评价法,对羽毛球运动员竞技能力评价指标体系进行深入研究分析。研究结果如下:1、建立了羽毛球运动员竞技能力评价指标体系。本文依据羽毛球运动项目的特征和竞技能力的相关理论,结合通过德尔菲法得到的问卷结果,建立了2个一级指标(竞技实力和发挥能力),6个二级指标,分别是身体机能、素质、技术、战术、心理和运动智能,和以反应时、5次左右摸边、高远球、主动失误率、战术知识、自信和运动思维等48个因素为三级指标共同组成的羽毛球运动员竞技能力评价指标体系。2、确定了各评价指标的权重。根据专家和教练员们对各指标相对重要程度两两比较的调查结果,通过层次分析法进行统计分析,并运用权重公式计算确定各级指标的权重,正确直观的反映了各指标在羽毛球运动员竞技能力评价体系中的重要程度,提高了评价结果的客观性。3、确定了羽毛球运动员竞技能力评价指标体系的评价方法。本文选取了多层次模糊综合评价法,有效的解决了由定性的评价指标引起的数据不确定性,使得最后得到的结果能更客观、更准确的反映羽毛球运动员的竞技能力水平,进一步将运动员竞技能力评价评定工作科学化。
[Abstract]:In today's competitive sports environment of survival of the fittest, it is quite difficult to select excellent sports talents among many people. Moreover, it is even more difficult to train these young athletes with innate advantages scientifically. So far, scientific selection of talents has been an important part of the training process of our country's elite athletes. It is based on the constituent elements of competitive ability in various events, and adopts a more scientific selection method. Among many young people, it can more correctly screen out sports talents who are better in all the conditions. In addition, In the process of training, it is also necessary to understand the athletic ability of the athletes. Coaches design and adopt the training plan according to the athletes' accurate actual competitive ability. Training means and training methods. Scientific, objective and accurate evaluation results of competitive ability directly affect the coaches' judgment of the training effect, and also benefit the coaches to effectively regulate the training of athletes. Therefore, to establish a scientific, It is particularly important to have a reasonable evaluation index system of badminton athletes' competitive ability. This paper uses the method of literature to consult the relevant theories of competitive ability, and combines the characteristics of badminton events and the structural characteristics of athletes' competitive ability. Taking the competitive ability of badminton athletes as the research object, 30 experts were investigated by questionnaire, and the questionnaire data were statistically analyzed, and the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method were used. The evaluation index system of badminton athletes' competitive ability is deeply studied and analyzed. The results are as follows: 1, and the evaluation index system of badminton athletes' competitive ability is established. The theory of ability, Based on the results of the questionnaire obtained by Delphi method, two first-level indexes (competitive strength and exertion ability) and six second-level indexes were established, namely, physical function, quality, technique, tactics, psychology and athletic intelligence. And with the reaction time about 5 times to touch the edge, the high ball, the active error rate, the tactical knowledge, The evaluation index system of badminton athletes' competitive ability is composed of 48 factors, such as self-confidence and sports thinking. The weight of each evaluation index is determined according to the relative importance of experts and coaches to each index. The results of the pairwise comparison, Through the analytic hierarchy process to carry on the statistical analysis, and use the weight formula to calculate and determine the weight of the index at all levels, correctly and intuitively reflected the important degree of each index in the badminton athlete competitive ability appraisal system. It improves the objectivity of the evaluation results, determines the evaluation method of badminton athletes' competitive ability evaluation index system, and selects the multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method, which effectively solves the data uncertainty caused by the qualitative evaluation index. So that the final results can be more objective, more accurate reflect the level of badminton athletes' competitive ability, and further scientific evaluation of athletes' competitive ability.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G847

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