无意视盲对百米定向识图能力影响的实验研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 17:51

本文选题：无意视盲　切入点：显著性　出处：《山东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究已证实,无意视盲的现象是普遍存在的。目前对于无意视盲的研究中更多的是关于刺激的显著性、认知负荷,同时还包括了对记忆内容的研究。无意视盲在很多领域的研究已经很成熟,例如生物学领域对它的神经机制做过许多的研究;在交通领域中通过对相关的交通标志及交通信号等研究,从而降低交通事故的发生率,而在体育领域中对无意视盲的研究还比较少。目前对于无意视盲的研究范式已经有很多,并且依靠这些研究范式我们已经解决了很多的实际问题。在定向越野中定向识图能力更多的是考验参加者视觉注意方面的能力,所以在很多情况下容易产生视盲现象,本实验通过借鉴之前关于非期望刺激的显著性(颜色、位置、形状等)以及认知负荷对无意视盲的研究,结合着前人对定向越野的研究中易受到的影响的心理因素,从而用无意视盲现象对定向越野中的一些现象加以解释,并探究定向越野比赛中产生视盲的影响因素,以及视盲对识图成绩的影响。因为百米定向相比于其它的定向项目具有更灵活、更便捷的特点,同时也更考验心理素质以及注意的品质,所以实验中采用的是百米定向地图。本研究通过随机抽样的方式,随机的在本科和研究生当中选取了64人,对无关变量条件加以控制之后进行相关的实验研究。每一组参与者都会循环进行几个相关的实验,所有的实验都是在室内条件下进行,所以无意视盲与百米定向识图成绩的实验不会受到被试者体能和运动技能的影响,减少了实验无关变量对实验结果的影响。因为比赛当中人随时都是在运动中的,所以动态的视盲研究范式能更好的模拟比赛场景,能更好的体现生态学意义。通过研究发现,在出现无意视盲的人中,女生比男生更容易出现视盲的现象,普通组比体育组更容易出现视盲的现象,;在实验当中刺激出现在边缘的位置或者非期望刺激的特征不显著时,确实导致了许多被试者产生无意视盲,这与之前的研究相一致。通过对视盲程度和识图成绩做线性回归分析时发现,视盲程度的高低和识图成绩的高低基本呈线性关系,视盲程度低的被试者在定向识图成绩方面确实表现的比较好。
[Abstract]:Studies have confirmed the prevalence of unintentional blindness.At present, the study of unintentional visual blindness is more about the significance of stimulation, cognitive load, but also includes the study of memory content.Unintentional blindness has been well studied in many fields, such as biology, its neural mechanism, traffic signs, traffic signals, and so on.So as to reduce the incidence of traffic accidents, but in the field of sports unintentional blindness is still less research.At present, there are many research paradigms for unintentional blindness, and we have solved a lot of practical problems by relying on these research paradigms.The ability of orienteering in orienteering cross-country is to test the visual attention ability of participants, so it is easy to produce visual blindness in many cases.) and the cognitive load on unintentional visual blindness, combined with the psychological factors that have been easily affected in previous studies on orienteering, thus explaining some of the phenomena in orienteering cross-country with the phenomenon of unintentional blindness.The influence factors of visual blindness in orienteering cross-country competitions and the influence of visual blindness on the achievement of map recognition were explored.Because the 100-meter orientation is more flexible and convenient than other orienteering projects, it also tests the psychological quality and the quality of attention, so the 100-meter directional map is used in the experiment.In this study, 64 people were randomly selected from the undergraduate and graduate students by random sampling, and then the independent variables were controlled and the relevant experimental research was carried out.Each group of participants carried out several related experiments in cycles, all of which were conducted in indoor conditions, so that the subjects' physical and motor skills were not affected by the results of unintentional blindness and 100-meter directional mapping.The influence of experimental independent variables on experimental results is reduced.Because people in the game are always in the movement, dynamic visual blindness research paradigm can better simulate the competition scene, and better reflect the ecological significance.The study found that girls are more likely than boys to develop visual blindness in people with unintentional blindness.The common group is more prone to visual blindness than the sports group. In the experiment, when the stimuli appear at the edge or the characteristics of the unexpected stimulus are not significant, it does lead to many subjects produce unintentional visual blindness, which is consistent with previous studies.Through the linear regression analysis on the degree of visual blindness and the score of map recognition, it was found that the degree of visual blindness and the degree of recognition of map were basically linear, and the subjects with low degree of visual blindness did indeed perform well in the aspect of directional recognition.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G826

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