优秀短跑运动员张培萌赛前训练负荷研究

发布时间：2018-04-03 22:34

本文选题：张培萌　切入点：m　出处：《体育科学》2017年12期

【摘要】：目的:探究我国优秀短跑运动员张培萌赛前训练负荷特征。方法:运用实地跟踪法对张培萌的赛前训练负荷特征进行了分析,并结合生理生化指标的监控对张培萌赛前的生理机能状态进行了评定。结果:张培萌在莫斯科世锦赛赛前7周开始了赛前训练,其赛前训练负荷的主要特征是赛前减量,其中,有氧耐力、速度耐力和反应力量训练的训练量呈下降趋势,而最大力量和最大速度训练的训练量呈上升趋势,但其训练量在整体上呈"渐进的非线性"减量模式,减量幅度为20%。与此同时,张培萌的血清肌酸激酶(CK)值和血尿素(BUN)值在赛前训练中呈逐渐下降的趋势,两者在赛前1周时分别为243 IU/L和5.56 mmol/L;血睾酮(T)值和血睾酮/皮质醇(T/C)值在赛前训练中呈逐渐上升的趋势,两者在赛前1周时分别为888 ng/dL和40.73;血红蛋白(HGB)值在赛前训练中呈"高-低-低-高"的变化趋势,红细胞(RBC)、红细胞压积(HTC)、白细胞(WBC)和血小板(PLT)值在赛前训练中始终处于正常范围内。结论:通过赛前7周训练负荷的合理安排,使张培萌在莫斯科世锦赛前获得了良好的生理机能状态,为其创造优异的运动成绩奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:Objective: to explore the characteristics of pre-competition training load of Chinese elite sprinter Zhang Peimeng.Methods: the characteristics of pre-competition training load of Zhang Peimeng were analyzed by the method of field tracking, and the physiological function of Zhang Peimeng was evaluated with the monitoring of physiological and biochemical indexes.Results: Zhang Peimeng began pre-competition training seven weeks before the Moscow World Championship. The main characteristic of his pre-competition training load was reduced before the competition. Among them, the amount of training for aerobic endurance, speed endurance and reaction strength training showed a decreasing trend.However, the training amount of maximum strength and maximum speed is on the rise, but the training amount is a "progressive nonlinear" mode of reduction, with a reduction range of 20. 5%.At the same time, the serum creatine kinase (CK) and blood urea bun (BU) values of Zhang Peimeng decreased gradually during the pre-competition training.The values of serum testosterone and serum testosterone / cortisol / T / C increased gradually in prerace training, and the values of serum testosterone and testosterone / cortisol T / C increased gradually during the prerace training, respectively, at 1 week before the match, the values of serum testosterone and testosterone / cortisol T / C increased gradually during the pre-match training.They were 888 ng/dL and 40.73 respectively one week before the match. The value of HGB showed a trend of "high-low-low-high" in pre-competition training.The values of RBC, HTC, WBC and PLT in RBC were always in normal range during pre-competition training.Conclusion: through reasonable arrangement of training load 7 weeks before the competition, Zhang Peimeng got good physiological function state before the Moscow World Championship, which laid the foundation for his excellent sports achievement.
【作者单位】：清华大学体育部;国家体育总局体育科学研究所;
【基金】：清华大学自主科研计划重点项目资助(2015THZWZD04) 国家体育总局体育科学研究所基本科研业务费资助(基本17-41)
【分类号】：G822.1

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