优秀女单乒乓球运动员技战术特征研究及对我国女乒训练的启示

发布时间：2018-04-05 17:38

本文选题：优秀女子运动员　切入点：乒乓球　出处：《成都体育学院》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文通过文献资料法、数理统计法、录像观察等方法,对世界优秀女单乒乓球运动员丁宁、刘诗雯、李晓霞、石川佳纯和冯天薇五名运动员,在近三年重要比赛中的发球抢攻阶段、接发球抢攻阶段和相持阶段的技战术和路线进行分析,旨在总结她们在比赛中技战术运用的共同点和不同点,为中国女子乒乓球运动员在今后的训练和比赛中提供理论依据。通过观察统计分析五名运动员近三年40场207局比赛,所得出的结论如下:结论之一:优秀女单乒乓球运动员在发球类型上以侧身正手发球为主,丁宁的发球以站立式发球为主配合使用下蹲砍式发球,落点变化大,主要以半出台为主,同时以长球配合偷袭对手的端线大角。刘诗雯的发球落点和线路都比较灵活,以中路反手位的半出台球为主,急长球的使用效果好。李晓霞发球落点变化多,以半出台球和出台长球配合使用。石川佳纯的发球以近网短球为主,偶尔偷袭对手的底线长球。冯天薇在发球落点上以近网为主,以半出台为辅,避免对方直接进行接发球抢攻。结论之二:优秀女单乒乓球运动员对接发球技术的使用频率上都是控制防御技术多于进攻技术,以摆短、劈长技术为主,以中路的近网短球和半出台球为首选,通过控制防御技术来破坏对方直接进行发球抢攻的意图。结论之三:优秀女单乒乓球运动员在第三板和第四板中都具有强烈的抢攻意识,通过发球或接发球后多利用正反手的进攻将球打到对手的中路或追身球,从而占据主动地位。结论之四:进入相持阶段后,优秀女单乒乓球运动员对于进攻技术的使用频率要高于控制技术的使用。在近三年的比赛中优秀女单乒乓球运动员的相持能力都有所提高。丁宁、刘诗雯、李晓霞和冯天薇以正反手的进攻为主要得分手段,石川佳纯以反手和侧身进攻为主,在路线的选择上大都是以距离较长的斜线为主。结论之五:优秀女单乒乓球运动员之间的水平差距越来越小,她们之间的竞争更多地集中在对训练和比赛细节的把握上,我国女乒运动员在技术方面中应加强对发球技术、接发球技术以及相持阶段中攻防转换技术的训练,进而全面提升自己的实力。
[Abstract]:Through the methods of literature, mathematical statistics, video observation and so on, this paper deals with five world elite women's singles table tennis players, such as Ding Ning, Liu Shiwen, Li Xiaoxia, Shikawa Jiachun and Feng Tianwei.In the last three years of the important matches, the techniques and tactics and the routes in the stage of receiving the serve and attacking and in the phase of holding each other are analyzed in order to sum up their common points and differences in the use of techniques and tactics in the competitions.To provide theoretical basis for Chinese women table tennis players in the future training and competition.By observing and analyzing 40 games of 207 innings of five players in the past three years, the conclusions are as follows: one of the conclusions: the main serve types of excellent female singles table tennis players are forehand serve,Ding Ning's serve to stand serve mainly with the use of squat chopped serve, the fall point changes, mainly to the semi-introduction of the main, while the long ball with an attack on the opponent's end line big angle.Liu Shiwen's serve landing point and line are flexible, with the half-out billiards in the middle backhand position as the main, and the use effect of the quick long ball is good.Li Xiaoxia serve drop point changes, to half out of billiards and long ball issued with the use.Ishikawa's serve to the near-net short ball, occasionally sneaking at the opponent's baseline long ball.Feng Tianwei in the service point to the near-net-based, to half-introduced as a supplementary, to avoid direct serve to catch the attack.Conclusion two: the use frequency of receiving and serving technique of excellent female single table tennis players is more control defense technique than offensive technique, with the technique of short pendulum and split length as the main technique, and the short ball of near net and half out of billiards as the first choice.By controlling defense techniques to undermine the opponent's intention to serve directly.Conclusion three: excellent female singles table tennis players have strong sense of preemption in the third board and the fourth board. After serving or receiving the ball, they use the attack of forehand and backhand to hit the ball in the middle of the opponent or chase the ball, thus occupying the active position.Conclusion four: after entering the phase of stalemate, the use frequency of offensive technique is higher than that of control technique in excellent female single table tennis players.In the last three years of the competition, the outstanding women's singles table tennis players' ability to hold each other has improved.Ding Ning, Liu Shiwen, Li Xiaoxia and Feng Tianwei take the attack of forehand and backhand as the main scoring means, Ishikawa Chia-chun takes the backhand and side attack as the main means, and the choice of the route is mostly the sloping line with a long distance.Conclusion five: the level gap between the elite female singles table tennis players is becoming smaller and smaller, the competition between them is more concentrated on the training and the details of the competition, the Chinese female table tennis players should strengthen the serve skills in the technical aspect.Receiving the ball technology and the phase of attack and defense conversion technology training, and then improve their strength.
【学位授予单位】：成都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G846

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