我国青年女排高大队员身体形态、专项素质主要指标的追踪研究

发布时间：2018-05-18 04:33

本文选题：青年女排 + 高大队员　；参考：《集美大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：排球作为我国优势体育项目之一,特别是中国女排20世纪80年代取得“五连冠”佳绩,历时17年后的2003年、2004年二度获得世界冠军,沉寂11年后,2015年世界杯重登冠军奖台,2016年里约奥运会夺取女子排球金牌,“女排精神”成为鼓舞我国体育界不可或缺的时代标杆,激励全国人民的精神动力。中国女排继先后9次获得世界冠军的跌宕起伏,让人们充分意识到排球后备人才的培养是我国竞技排球可持续发展的重要基石。随着现代竞技排球的发展,争夺的焦点在网上,获得了网上优势就相当于获得了比赛主动权,所以现代竞技排球对运动员的高度要求越来越高,包括身材高度和弹跳高度,排球运动员“高大化”是现代竞技排球发展的主流与趋势。因此,全面了解和探析我国青年女排高大队员身体形态和专项素质主要指标的发展规律,为教练员针对运动员选材、优秀运动员选拔和专项素质训练提供理论参考。研究主要运用文献资料法、调查法、数理统计法和逻辑分析法等研究方法,通过对2011年—2013年全运会周期的28名青年女排高大队员身体形态和专项素质主要指标进行3年纵向追踪,结论如下:(1)高大队员整体平均年龄为15.82岁,年龄结构合理均衡,有较大的空间发展其身体素质和技战术水平。高大队员的平均训练年限高于非高大队员,表明高大队员马上达到“五年成才”阶段。(2)2011年—2012年是高大队员身高突增期,高大队员体重发展稳定性与身高相比较差,并未随着年龄、身高增长而增长。(3)高大队员克托莱指数与世界优秀女排运动员克托莱指数较低值440相比有一定差距,表明高大队员身形单薄、身体充实度不够、身体围度不足等,显现出高大队员力量素质的薄弱。(4)高大队员助跑摸高成绩随年龄增长而增长,在2012年—2013年助跑摸高成绩增长处于高峰期。但是助跑摸高整体成绩并不理想。由此表明,我国青年女排高大队员下肢力量仍有待提高。(5)2011年—2012年是高大队员立定跳远成绩突增期。按照《大纲》U18年龄段的评分标准,3年平均成绩仅达到56分、68分和69分,表明高大队员下肢爆发力和腰腹肌力量整体水平较薄弱。(6)高大队员2013年30米跑成绩相对于2011年有所下降,表明30米跑成绩并不是随着年龄和训练年限增长而逐渐增长,且高大队员3年30米跑平均成绩都低于非高大队员,说明高大队员速度素质较薄弱。(7)高大队员3年半“米”字移动平均成绩低于非高大队员,表明高大队员灵敏素质和速度素质较差。高大队员在具备高度的优势之下,发展其灵敏素质和速度素质尤为重要。(8)“国字号”高大队员身体形态方面,身高、体重、手足间距和指间距的发展态势处于平稳增长趋势,但是克托莱指数较低。专项素质方面,30米跑和半“米”字移动成绩不理想,速度素质和灵敏素质较薄弱,影响了其进一步发挥身材高大的优势。
[Abstract]:Volleyball is one of the best sports in our country, especially the Chinese women's volleyball team won "five consecutive championships" in the 1980s. In 2003, 17 years later, the Chinese women's volleyball team won the world championship for the second time in 2004. After 11 years of silence, the 2015 World Cup went back to the championship stage, and the 2016 Rio Olympic Games won the gold medal in women's volleyball. "Women's Volleyball Spirit" has become an indispensable benchmark to inspire the sports world in China and the spiritual motivation of the people throughout the country. The ups and downs of China's women's volleyball team which have won the world championship nine times have made people fully realize that the cultivation of volleyball reserve talents is an important foundation stone for the sustainable development of competitive volleyball in China. With the development of modern competitive volleyball, the focus of the competition is on the Internet. Getting the advantage on the net is equivalent to gaining the initiative of the competition. Therefore, the modern competitive volleyball has higher and higher requirements for the athletes' height, including the height of body and the height of bouncing. It is the mainstream and trend of the development of modern competitive volleyball for volleyball players. Therefore, we should comprehensively understand and analyze the development rules of the main indexes of the body shape and special quality of the tall young women volleyball players in our country, and provide a theoretical reference for coaches to select the athletes, select the outstanding athletes and train the special qualities. The research mainly uses the methods of literature, investigation, mathematical statistics and logic analysis. The main indexes of body shape and special quality of 28 tall young women volleyball players in the period of 2011-2013 National Games were tracked longitudinally for 3 years. The conclusion is as follows: the average age of the tall and tall players is 15.82 years old, and the age structure is reasonable and balanced. There is greater space to develop its physical fitness and technical and tactical level. The average training years of tall players are higher than that of non-tall players, indicating that tall players immediately reach the stage of "five years of talent".) 2011-2012 is the period of height increase of tall players, and the stability of the development of tall players' weight is worse than that of their height. The Ketole index of tall players is not increasing with age and height.) there is a certain gap between the Ketole index of tall players and the lower value of 440 of the world elite women volleyball players, indicating that the tall players are thin in shape and insufficient in body fullness. The lack of physical circumference shows that the strength quality of the tall players is weak. 4) the high score of run-up and touch of tall players increases with the increase of age, and the high score of run-up during the period from 2012 to 2013 is at the peak. But run-up high overall results are not ideal. Therefore, the lower limb strength of tall female volleyball players in our country still needs to be improved. (5) 2011-2012 is the jump period of standing long jump achievement of tall women volleyball team members. According to the standard of the U18 age group, the average score of 3 years was only 56 points, 68 points and 69 points, indicating that the overall level of lower extremity explosive force and psoas abdominus strength of tall players was weaker. The results show that the results of the 30-meter race do not increase gradually with the age and training years, and the average score of the 3-year 30-meter race of the tall players is lower than that of the non-tall ones. It shows that the average result of three and a half years' character movement of tall players is lower than that of non-tall players, indicating that the sensitive quality and speed quality of tall players are poor. With the advantage of height, it is very important to develop their sensitive quality and speed quality.) the development trend of height, weight, hand and foot spacing and finger spacing is in a steady increasing trend. But the Ketole index is low. In terms of special quality, the results of 30 meters running and the movement of the word "half" are not ideal, and the quality of speed and sensitivity is relatively weak, which affects its further development of its superiority of being tall and tall.
【学位授予单位】：集美大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G842

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