篮球运动员指长比与运动等级及投篮命中率的相关研究

发布时间：2018-05-21 11:59

本文选题：运动员选材 + 指长比　；参考：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：运动员选材是体育科学研究的重点问题,而探求测试手段简单,准确性高的运动选材指标是体育科学研究的热门问题。运动员的科学选材是运动员取得优异运动成绩、攀登世界冠军宝座最强有力的要素,而篮球运动员选材又是篮球优秀运动员培养体系中非常重要的一个环节。近年来,在体育科学选材领域涌现出更多简单可靠的新指标并未在篮球方面得到应用。针对指长比在篮球运动员选材领域是否能够运用的问题,对篮球运动员指长比与运动等级及投篮命中率的相关性进行了研究。以实证研究为基础,丰富篮球运动员选材指标,为篮球运动员科学选材提供可靠的理论数据作为参考。本文选取国家一级篮球运动员31名,国家二级篮球运动员55名,未达级体育专业学生165名。通过文献资料法、测量法、数理统计法对篮球运动员指长比与运动等级及投篮命中率进行统计与分析。操作过程首先是运用数码相机采取样本的指长照片,通过Image-Pro Plus 6.0图像处理软件计算指长。然后用SPSS17.0数据分析软件对测量数据进行统计学分析。调查对象均为来自河北省及河北省周边区域的生源,被调查者年龄为15岁至25岁,生长发育情况不限,无遗传性疾病及先天性缺陷和后天畸形。为了避免民族差异的干扰与影响,研究样本中对少数民族进行了筛选与控制。研究结果:1.指长比具有性别差异,同等级不同性别间,篮球运动员指长比女性普遍高于男性,而高水平篮球运动员同等级间的性别差异不具有显著性。2.指长比具有等级相关性,同性别不同等级间,男性一级运动员及二级运动员右侧的2D:4D、2D:5D均小于普通组,差异具有显著性,女性一级运动员及二级运动员左侧的2D:4D、2D:5D及右侧的2D:4D、2D:5D、3D:4D、3D:5D小于普通组,差异具有显著性。3.男性右侧的2D:3D、2D:4D、2D:5D、4D:5D,女性左侧的2D:3D、2D:4D、2D:5D及右侧的2D:4D、2D:5D,满足运动等级的递增排列趋势。4.投篮测试得分与男性一级运动员及二级运动员右侧的3D:4D相关系数较高,但是差异不具有显著性。建议学者在篮球运动员指长比与专项运动技能方面做更多的实证性研究。2D:4D、2D:5D与运动等级呈一定的负相关关系且具有显著相关性,并且男性篮球运动员的相关系数要大于女性篮球运动员,右侧的相关系数普遍高于左侧,其中以右侧的2D:4D、2D:5D尤为显著。以运动等级来定序运动能力,研究篮球运动员指长比与运动等级的相关性,发现右侧的2D:4D、2D:5D与运动等级显著负相关,在篮球运动员选材领域具有一定参考价值,并且在篮球项目中右侧2D:4D可作为重点研究对象。
[Abstract]:Athlete selection is a key issue in the research of sports science, and it is a hot issue in sports science to seek the sports material selection index with simple test means and high accuracy. The scientific selection of athletes is the most powerful factor for athletes to obtain excellent sports results and climb the world championship position, and the selection of basketball players is a very important link in the training system of basketball elite athletes. In recent years, more and more simple and reliable new indexes have emerged in the field of sports science selection, which have not been applied in basketball. Aiming at the question whether the finger length ratio can be used in the field of basketball players' selection of material, this paper studies the correlation between the length ratio of finger length and the sports grade and the shooting hit rate of basketball players. Based on the empirical research, this paper enriches the selection index of basketball players and provides reliable theoretical data for the scientific selection of basketball players as a reference. This paper selects 31 national first-grade basketball players, 55 second-level national basketball players, and 165 students majoring in physical education. Through the methods of literature, measurement and mathematical statistics, this paper makes statistics and analysis on the ratio of finger length, sports grade and shooting hit rate of basketball players. The first step is to use the digital camera to take the finger length photos of the sample and calculate the finger length by Image-Pro Plus 6.0 image processing software. Then the SPSS17.0 data analysis software is used to carry on the statistical analysis to the measurement data. The subjects were all from Hebei Province and the surrounding areas of Hebei Province. The subjects were 15 to 25 years old. The growth and development of the subjects were not limited. There were no hereditary diseases, congenital defects and acquired deformities. In order to avoid the interference and influence of ethnic differences, ethnic minorities were screened and controlled. The result of the study was: 1. The ratio of finger length to finger length of basketball players was generally higher than that of men, but there was no significant difference between high level basketball players and high level basketball players. The ratio of finger length to finger length has a grade correlation, the male first class athletes and the second class athletes' right side of 2D: 4D: 2D: 5D are lower than the common group, the difference is significant. The difference of 2D: 4D: 5D on the left and 2D: 4D: 5D: 3D: 4D: 4D: 3D: 5D on the right side of the female first class athletes and the second class athletes is significantly lower than that of the ordinary athletes. 2D: 3D: 2D: 4D: 4D: 4D: 5D: 5D: 5D: 5D: 5D: 2D: 2D: 2D: 2D: 5D; 2D: 4D: 5D; 2D: 4D: 2D: 5D; The score of shooting test was higher than that of male first-grade and second-class athletes, but the difference was not significant. It is suggested that scholars should do more empirical research on the ratio of finger length to specific sports skill of basketball players. 2D: 4D: 2D: 5D has a certain negative correlation with sports grade and has significant correlation. The correlation coefficient of male basketball players is higher than that of female basketball players, and the correlation coefficient on the right side is generally higher than that on the left, especially 2D: 4D: 2D: 5D on the right side. This paper studies the correlation between the ratio of finger length to the level of movement of basketball players, and finds that 2D: 4D: 2D: 5D on the right side is negatively correlated with the sports grade, which has certain reference value in the field of basketball players' selection of talents. And in the basketball project, the right side of 2D:4D can be taken as the key research object.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G841

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