增强式训练对青少年男子跳远运动员专项体能的影响

发布时间：2018-06-02 21:44

本文选题：强式训练 + 青少年　；参考：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：增强式训练的相关研究已经表明，其能够较好的提高运动神经支配和调节肌肉收缩力量的能力，以提高运动员的爆发力量。本研究将增强式训练手段，应用到青少年的跳远项目中，，探讨适宜的训练负荷强度对青少年跳远运动员专项能力的改善效果，为教练员和运动员进行科学合理的专项训练提供参考和帮助。论文以16名青少年男子跳远运动员主要实验对象。分别采用增强式力量训练和传统力量训练进行为期8周的实验，分别测试实验前后的相关运动素质指标，并分析各项指标的变化情况，主要结论如下：（1）8周的增强式训练后，在300°/s条件下等速测试结果表明，运动员下肢的髋关节、膝关节的屈伸肌群峰值力矩有显著性增长，与对照组相比增长呈显著性差异；下蹲跳成绩增加幅度为12.1%，增加幅度显著，提示增强式训练能够有效提高青少年男子跳远运动员下肢爆发力水平。（2）8周的增强式训练后，运动员60m成绩提高显著，并且静态平衡能力和动态平衡能力都有了显著性改善，表明增强式训练对提高专项速度和平衡能力有效。（3）8周的增强式训练后，在60°/s条件下等速测试结果表明髋关节、膝关节屈伸肌群力量增加缓慢，表明，采用增强式力量训练，在运动员最大力量上，并不比其他训练方式占优；运动员的坐位体前屈成绩实验组和对照组之间无显著性差异，并且都增加不明显；表明对柔韧素质提高无效。（4）8周的增强式训练可以显著性提高青少年男子跳远运动员的跳远成绩。
[Abstract]:The related studies of intensive training have shown that it can improve the ability of motor nerve innervation and muscle contractile strength to improve the burst strength of athletes. In this study, the reinforcement training method is applied to the long jump project of teenagers, and the effect of the appropriate training load on the special ability of the young long jump athletes is discussed. Provide reference and help for coaches and athletes to carry out scientific and reasonable special training. In this paper, 16 young male long jumpers were chosen as the main experimental objects. The experiment was conducted for 8 weeks by means of enhanced strength training and traditional strength training respectively. The related indexes of sports quality were tested before and after the experiment, and the changes of each index were analyzed. The main conclusions were as follows: After 8 weeks of intensive training, the results of isokinetic test under the condition of 300 掳/ s showed that the peak torque of flexion and extensor muscle group in the lower extremities of the athletes increased significantly, and there was significant difference compared with the control group. The result of squatting jump increased by 12.1, which indicated that the enhancement training could effectively improve the explosive power level of the lower extremity of the young male long jump athletes. After 8 weeks of intensive training, the athletes' performance of 60m was improved significantly, and the static balance ability and the dynamic balance ability were improved significantly, which indicated that the enhanced training was effective to improve the special speed and balance ability. After 8 weeks of intensive training, the results of isokinetic test at 60 掳/ s showed that the strength of flexion and extensor muscles of the hip joint and knee joint increased slowly. There was no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group, and the increase was not obvious, which indicated that the improvement of flexibility was not effective. The 8-week intensive training can significantly improve the performance of young male long jumpers.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G823.3

【参考文献】