高中生体育锻炼与身体意象、社会自我效能感的关系研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 22:47

本文选题：中学生 + 体育锻炼　；参考：《江西师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：以学生为主体的教育理念逐渐被接受,培养学生的学习动机是促进其学习的最佳方式。自我效能理论是最具影响与说服力的动机理论之一,心理学方面的研究者对此动机理论的研究乐此不疲,而社会自我效能感是个体对社会情境中自我操控能力的判断或评价,它是影响个体参与社会活动选择过程和活动内容的一个主体因素。社会的发展与进步,从小开始,人们对自身的美的要求有了自己的界定。中学生处于青春发展期,更容易注重自己的外表,现如今大家一味的追求吃有机食品,无化肥蔬菜,健身房的兴起,都是大家开始重视健康的源头。健康科学的生活方式和观念是教育的重要内容。身体意象这个概念主要包含对个体身体、生理、心理功能的认知与态度,强调个体对身体总体形象的评价。提高中学生的身体意象和社会自我效能感对其身心健康发展十分重要,也能良好的促进中学生坚持锻炼,发展终身体育。本研究中,通过对景德镇四所中学高一高二年级共654人进行调查研究,施测多维度身体意象问卷,社会自我效能感问卷,体育锻炼水平状况。了解中学生的体育锻炼水平,各年级与性别的身体意象和社会自我效能感的高低,不同锻炼水平的身体意象和社会自我效能感的差异,身体意象和社会自我效能感对体育锻炼的参与的影响。在调查研究基础上,本文设计体育锻炼教学实验,旨在通过实验部分锻炼干预,以考察体育锻炼对中学生的身体意象和社会自我效能感的影响作用,以及它们之间的关系。由此得出以下结论:调查研究表明:(1)高中生年级差异在社会自我效能感、外表评价、健康评价、健康关注效果显著,高二显著高于高一年级,外表关注差异不显著。性别差异在外表评价、外表关注、健康评价、社会自我效能感得分效果显著,男生显著高于女生。女生仅在外表关注上显著高于男生。健康关注差异不显著。而年级与性别之间的交互作用不显著。(2)每周三次以上的体育锻炼在健康关注、外表评价上效果显著,每次1小时以上的锻炼时间在外表评价、社会自我效能感上差异显著,坚持一年以上的体育锻炼在外表评价、健康评价、健康关注变量上和社会自我效能感变量上差异显著。(3)坚持锻炼次数对社会自我效能感、外表评价、健康评价的影响力大于次活动时间和周锻炼次数。周锻炼时间对健康关注的影响力最大,其次是坚持锻炼时间和次活动时间。实验结果表明:(1)实验组与对照组前测在性别上,外表评价存在显著差异。其余各变量均无显著性差异。(2)经过12周的体育教学锻炼能够显著提高社会自我效能感、外表评价、外表关注、健康评价。在性别上,无显著性差异。在社会自我效能感、外表评价、外表关注维度上存在显著的组别与性别交互效应。
[Abstract]:The concept of student-centered education is gradually accepted, and cultivating students' learning motivation is the best way to promote their learning. Self-efficacy theory is one of the most influential and persuasive motivation theories. Psychological researchers are always happy to study this motivation theory, and social self-efficacy is the judgment or evaluation of the self-control ability of individuals in social situations. It is a main factor that affects the process and content of individual participation in social activities. With the development and progress of society, people have their own definition of their own beauty since childhood. The middle school student is in the youth development period, pays more attention to own appearance, nowadays everybody blindly pursues eats the organic food, does not have the fertilizer vegetable, the gym rise, everybody begins to pay attention to the health the source. The life style and concept of health science are important contents of education. The concept of body image mainly includes the cognition and attitude of individual body, physiology and mental function, and emphasizes the individual's evaluation of the overall body image. It is very important to improve the body image and social self-efficacy of middle school students to develop their physical and mental health. In this study, a total of 654 students in Grade one and Grade two of four middle schools in Jingdezhen were investigated. The questionnaire of multi-dimensional body image, the questionnaire of social self-efficacy and the level of physical exercise were used. To understand the physical training level of middle school students, the level of body image and social self-efficacy of each grade and gender, the difference of body image and social self-efficacy of different exercise level, The influence of body image and social self-efficacy on physical exercise. On the basis of investigation and research, this paper designs the teaching experiment of physical exercise, which aims to investigate the effect of physical exercise on the body image and social self-efficacy of middle school students and the relationship between them through the experimental part of exercise intervention. The conclusion is as follows: the investigation shows that the grade difference of high school students is significant in the sense of social self-efficacy, appearance evaluation, health care, and grade two is significantly higher than that in grade one, but the difference in appearance concern is not significant. Gender differences in appearance evaluation, appearance concern, health evaluation, social self-efficacy scores were significant, boys were significantly higher than girls. Girls were significantly more concerned about their appearance than boys. There was no significant difference in health concerns. However, the interaction between grade and gender was not significant. 2) physical exercise more than three times a week had significant effect on health care and appearance evaluation. The difference of social self-efficacy was significant when the time of exercise more than one hour per time was evaluated on appearance. Physical exercise for more than one year had significant differences in appearance evaluation, health concern variable and social self-efficacy variable. The impact of health assessment was greater than the time of the second activity and the number of exercise weeks. Weekly exercise time had the greatest influence on health care, followed by persistence of exercise time and secondary activity time. The results showed that there were significant differences in gender and appearance evaluation between the experimental group and the control group. There was no significant difference in other variables. (2) after 12 weeks of physical education exercise, social self-efficacy, appearance evaluation, appearance concern and health evaluation could be significantly improved. There was no significant difference in gender. There are significant group and gender interaction effects on social self-efficacy, appearance evaluation and appearance concern dimension.
【学位授予单位】：江西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G804.8

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