心率变异性对优秀男子赛艇运动员赛前不同训练阶段身体机能状态监控的研究

发布时间：2018-07-02 23:57

本文选题：赛艇 + 赛前训练　；参考：《上海体育学院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：研究目的:(1)研究上海优秀男子赛艇运动员常规生理生化指标、血浆儿茶酚胺(CA)和心率变异性(HRV)在14周赛前不同训练阶段恢复期的变化特点,分析赛前不同阶段训练对运动员恢复期身体机能状态的影响。(2)探究赛前不同训练阶段恢复期运动员HRV与常规生理生化指标及CA之间的关系,探索将HRV作为运动员常规身体机能状态监控辅助手段的可能性。研究方法:(1)研究对象:上海男子赛艇队8名公开级优秀运动员。(2)研究方案:根据备战2016年10月全国赛艇锦标赛的赛前训练安排,选择在2016.6.20-2016.9.25不同训练阶段(8周的上量训练周和6周的上强度训练周)对上海男子赛艇队运动员进行每2周训练结束后恢复期安静下HRV、常规生理生化和CA测试,测试总共持续14周。HRV测试、常规生理生化测试和CA测试都在周日下午13:00-16:00进行,为了尽可能保证3大指标测试的同步性,HRV测试结束后即刻采集运动员肘静脉血4.5ml(包括EDTA抗凝全血2ml和肝素钠抗凝全血2.5ml)。(3)测试指标:①心率变异性测试指标:SDNN、RMSSD、SDSD、TP、HF、HFn.u.、LF、LFn.u.、VLF、LF/HF。②常规生理生化指标:BU、CK、WBC、HB、T、C和T/C。③血浆儿茶酚胺指标:E、NE和DA。研究结果:(1)赛前训练结束后恢复期WBC、C水平较备战训练前降低(P0.05),HB较备战训练前显著性降低(P0.05),BU、CK、T和T/C水平较备战训练前升高(P0.05)。总体来说,T和T/C在整个训练中呈升高趋势,C呈降低趋势。(2)上量训练结束时运动员HRV水平和迷走神经调节功能提高,表现为上量训练结束时SDSD、RMSSD、TP和HF达到峰值。上强度训练结束后恢复期HRV指标SDNN、RMSSD、SDSD、TP、HF虽较备战训练前减小,但仍保持在较高水平,运动员交感迷走神经调节功能的稳定性向迷走神经活性占主导作用变化。(3)HFn.u.与LFn.u.在整个训练阶段的变化特点相反,表现为HFn.u.在上量训练前4周逐渐降至最小值,LFn.u.逐渐升高至最大值(P0.05),赛前训练结束时HFn.u.升高至备战训练前水平,LFn.u.降至接近备战前水平。(4)赛前训练结束后恢复期NE、E和DA较备战训练前显著性降低(P0.05),且在整个赛前训练过程中,CA受训练负荷的影响表现为在上量训练持续降低,在上强度训练阶段逐渐回升的特点。(5)上量训练恢阶段复期NE、E与WBC存在显著性负相关,DA与T存在显著性负相关(P0.05)。上强度训练阶段E与HB存在显著性正相关(P0.05)。在整个赛前训练阶段恢复期NE和E与WBC存在显著性负相关,与HB存在显著性正相关(P0.05)。(6)在赛前训练阶段HRV大部分指标与常规生理生化指标存在明显的相关关系。具体表现为上量训练阶段HRV时域指标SDNN、RMSSD、SDSD与生化指标BU存在显著性正相关,与T存在显著性负相关(P0.05)。TP、HF与BU存在显著性正相关(P0.05);LF与T存在显著性负相关(P0.01)。上强度训练阶段TP与T存在显著性负相关(P0.05)。整个赛前训练阶段恢复期HRV指标SDNN、RMSSD、SDSD、TP与BU存在显著性正相关(P0.05),与T存在显著性负相关(P0.05);LF与HB存在显著性正相关,与T存在显著性负相关(P0.05);VLF与T存在显著性负相关(P0.05)。研究结论:(1)赛前上量训练阶段和上强度训练阶段运动员身体机能状态恢复比较稳定,无明显疲劳积累现象。相较上量训练阶段,上强度训练阶段运动员身体机能状态明显提高。(2)赛前训练结束时自主神经的功能状态提高,安静下交感神经调节作用减弱,迷走神经调节占主导地位,交感迷走神经平衡性增强,自主神经系统在大强度运动中的功能稳定性提高。(3)心率变异性与血浆儿茶酚胺和常规生理生化指标在监控运动员机能状态方面具有一定的同步性。并且心率变异性指标SDNN、RMSSD、SDSD和TP与常规生理生化指标BU存在显著性正相关,与T具有显著性负相关;HF与BU具有显著性正相关;LF与T具有显著性负相关,因此心率变异性分析可作为常规机能监控手段的辅助手段应用于赛艇运动员身体机能状态监控。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is: (1) to study the routine physiological and biochemical indexes of Shanghai excellent men's rowers, the changes of plasma catecholamine (CA) and heart rate variability (HRV) in the recovery period of different training stages before the 14 weeks of match, and to analyze the effect of training on the body function state of the athletes in the recovery period before the competition. (2) to explore the restoration of the different training stages before the game. The relationship between HRV and conventional physiological and biochemical indexes and CA, and exploring the possibility of using HRV as an auxiliary means to monitor the routine physical function status of the athletes. (1) research object: 8 outstanding athletes of Shanghai men's rowing team. (2) research project: before the national Rowing Championships in October 2016 Training arrangements, selected in the 2016.6.20-2016.9.25 different training stages (8 weeks of training week and 6 weeks of strength training week) for the Shanghai men's rowing team athletes every 2 weeks after the end of the recovery period of quiet HRV, routine physiological and biochemical and CA tests, testing a total of 14 weeks of.HRV tests, normal physiological and biochemical tests and CA tests are all in On Sunday afternoon at 13:00-16:00, in order to ensure the synchronicity of the 3 major index tests, the athlete's elbow vein blood 4.5ml was collected immediately after the HRV test (including EDTA anticoagulant whole blood 2ml and heparin anticoagulant whole blood 2.5ml). (3) the test indexes: (1) heart rate variability test index: SDNN, RMSSD, SDSD, TP, HF, HFn.u., HFn.u. Physiological and biochemical indexes: BU, CK, WBC, HB, T, C and T/C. (T/C.) plasma catecholamine indicators: E, NE and DA. studies: (1) WBC after the pre competition training, the C level is lower than before the training. At the end of the training, the HRV level and the vagus nerve regulation function of the athletes were improved. (2) SDSD, RMSSD, TP and HF reached the peak at the end of the training, and the HRV index SDNN, RMSSD, SDSD, TP, after the end of training, were reduced, but still kept at a higher level, but still maintained at a higher level. The stability of the vagus vagus function was dominant to the vagus nerve activity. (3) the change of HFn.u. and LFn.u. in the whole training stage was the opposite, which showed that HFn.u. gradually decreased to the minimum 4 weeks before the upper training, and the LFn.u. gradually increased to the maximum value (P0.05). Before the pre competition training, the HFn.u. increased to the pre war training. Level, LFn.u. to close to pre - preparation level. (4) NE, E and DA significantly lower than pre training (P0.05) after pre competition training, and in the whole pre competition training process, CA is affected by the training load to continue to decrease in the upper training stage, and gradually recover in the strength training stage. (5) the quantity training recovery phase NE There was a significant negative correlation between E and WBC, and there was a significant negative correlation between DA and T (P0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between E and HB in the training stage of the upper strength (P0.05). There was a significant negative correlation between NE and E and WBC in the recovery period of the whole pre competition training stage. (6) most of the indexes and normal physiology were observed in the pre competition training stage. There was a significant correlation between the biochemical indexes and the significant positive correlation between the HRV time domain index (SDNN), RMSSD, SDSD and the biochemical index BU, and the significant negative correlation with T (P0.05).TP, and the significant positive correlation between HF and BU (P0.05), and there was a significant negative correlation between LF and BU. HRV index SDNN, RMSSD, SDSD, and BU have significant positive correlation (P0.05) in the pre competition period, and there is a significant negative correlation with T (P0.05); LF and HB exist significant positive correlation, and there is a significant negative correlation with the existence of BU. During the stage and the strength training stage, the physical function status of the athletes was more stable and there was no obvious fatigue accumulation. Compared with the upper training stage, the physical function state of the athletes was obviously improved. (2) the functional state of the autonomic nerve was improved at the end of the pre competition training, the function of the sympathetic nervous regulation was weakened and the spirit was lost. The function stability of the autonomic nervous system increased in the large intensity exercise. (3) the heart rate variability and plasma catecholamine and routine physiological and biochemical indexes have some synchronization in monitoring the functional state of the athletes, and the heart rate variability index SDNN, RMSSD, SDSD and TP There was a significant positive correlation with the routine physiological and biochemical index BU, and had a significant negative correlation with T; HF and BU had significant positive correlation; LF and T had a significant negative correlation. Therefore, the heart rate variability analysis could be used as a auxiliary means of routine function monitoring to monitor the body function state of the rowers.
【学位授予单位】：上海体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G861.4

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