老年人冰状环境行走与普通行走步态的比较分析

发布时间：2018-07-08 16:52

本文选题：老年人 + 冰状环境　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本研究通过对健康老年人冰状环境行走步态的生物力学研究,为探讨老年人冰状环境行走的生物力学特征机制,预防老年人跌倒,制定有效的干预措施具有重要的意义。研究选择Quintic动作捕捉分析系统和Footscan insole system压力分布获得老年人在正常路面和冰状环境上的运动学参数和足底压力参数,并进行比较分析,研究结论如下:5.1与普通行走相比,老年人在冰状环境上行走时,一个步态周期所用的时间减少,其中支撑期相对增加,摆动期大幅度减少,由于支撑期尤其是双支撑期双脚着地时,会有效增大支撑面积,因此老年人会通过增加双支撑期的时间缩短摆动期的时间维持身体平衡进而降低跌倒的风险。5.2与普通行走相比,老年人冰状环境上行走步长值大幅度减少,步宽值显著性降低(p0.05),行走的速度大幅度降低。5.3与普通行走相比,冰状环境上行走躯干角活动范围显著性低(P0.01),髋关节活动范围与正常行走相比,略有下降;膝关节的活动范围和踝关节的活动范围值较正常行走下降更加明显;步偏角值显著性减小,提示冰状环境行走小步幅,稳姿势的行走模式。5.4与普通行走相比,冰状环境上行走足底压力中心在X轴和Y轴上的变化均减弱,足底压力重心更加集中于人体足的中部,以保持身体的平衡,在正常路面上行走足底压力中心集中于人体足的前半部分以保持一定的步伐和速度。5.5冰状环境上行走足跟压强峰值偏低,而在T1即足底大拇指部位的压强上,冰状环境上行走非常显著性高于正常路面行走(P0.05);T1、T2-T5、M4部位的冲量值显著性高于普通行走。
[Abstract]:In this study, the biomechanical study of walking gait in the ice environment of the healthy elderly is of great significance in exploring the biomechanical characteristics of walking in the ice environment of the elderly, preventing the elderly from falling down and making effective intervention measures. Quintic motion capture analysis system and footscan insole system pressure distribution were selected to obtain kinematics parameters and plantar pressure parameters of the elderly in normal pavement and ice environment. The results are as follows: 1. When the elderly walk in ice-like environment, the time spent on a gait cycle is reduced, in which the support period is relatively increased and the swing period is greatly reduced, because the support period, especially when the feet are on the ground during the double support period, will effectively increase the supporting area. As a result, older people will maintain their balance and reduce the risk of falling down by increasing the time of double support period and shortening the time of swing period. 5.2 compared with ordinary walking, the walking step length of the elderly in ice-like environment is significantly reduced. The step width was significantly decreased (p0.05), and the walking speed was significantly decreased .5.3 compared with normal walking, the range of walking trunk angle in ice environment was significantly lower (P0.01), and the range of hip joint movement was slightly lower than that of normal walking. The range of motion of knee joint and the range of motion of ankle joint decreased more obviously than that of normal walking, and the deviation angle of walking decreased significantly, which indicated that the walking range of ice environment was small, and the walking mode of steady posture was .5.4 compared with that of normal walking, and the motion range of knee joint and ankle joint decreased more obviously than that of normal walking. In ice environment, the change of plantar pressure center on X axis and Y axis is weakened, and the center of plantar pressure is more concentrated in the middle of human foot to keep the balance of body. Walking on a normal road surface, the pressure center of the foot is concentrated on the front part of the human foot to maintain a certain pace and speed. 5.5 the peak pressure of the heel is low in the ice environment, but on T1, the pressure of the thumb on the foot, Walking in ice-like environment was significantly higher than that in normal pavement (P0.05) the impulse value of T1T2-T5M4 was significantly higher than that of normal walking.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.6

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