优秀女子网球运动员职业过渡阶段年度训练与参赛规律研究

发布时间：2018-07-22 11:02

【摘要】：通过文献资料法、专家访谈法和数理统计法,透过对优秀女子网球运动员职业过渡阶段年度参赛的多项指标进行分析,旨在为我国处于该阶段的优秀女子网球运动员的成长提供参考。结论:年度训练周期安排以"板块"小周期训练为主,采用赛练结合的小周期训练模式;赛间训练是网球运动员训练年度周期划分的一种灵活方式,训练内容、时间与强度与比赛强度和成绩有关,比赛强度越大,调整和恢复训练比重越大。比赛获胜时,运动员更容易接受教练员安排的训练内容。优秀女子网球运动员17岁进入职业过渡阶段,其完成职业过渡阶段路径可归为普通型、数量型和效率型3种类型,这与运动员身体条件和打法类型有关,高大型运动员以参赛效率为主,而身体条件较好的选手以参赛数量为主。根据运动员的打法特点,选择性参加快速或慢速场地比赛,且尽可能参加高级别赛事。运动员通常以2~3站比赛作为一个参赛单位,参赛密度逐渐增加,高级别数量增多,效率型运动员全年参赛级别呈"倒U型"分布,普通型运动员参赛级别差异性最小,数量型运动员参赛级别差异最大。
[Abstract]:Through the methods of literature, expert interview and mathematical statistics, this paper analyzes several indexes of elite female tennis players participating in the transition stage of their career. The purpose is to provide reference for the growth of the outstanding female tennis players in this stage of our country. Conclusion: the annual training cycle is mainly "plate" small cycle training, which adopts the small-cycle training mode combined with competition training, and inter-match training is a flexible way to divide the annual training cycle of tennis players, and the training content. Time and intensity are related to competition intensity and results. The greater the competition intensity, the greater the proportion of adjustment and recovery training. When the competition wins, the athlete is easier to accept the training content arranged by the coach. Excellent female tennis players have entered the transition stage of their careers at the age of 17, and their paths to complete the transition period can be classified into three types: common type, quantitative type and efficiency type, which is related to the athlete's physical condition and the type of playing method. High-sized athletes mainly participate in the efficiency, while the better physical conditions of the players to participate in the number. According to the characteristics of the athletes, participate in the fast or slow track, and participate in high level events as far as possible. Athletes usually take 2 stations and 3 stops as a competition unit. The density of competition increases gradually, the number of high grade increases, the level of efficiency athletes is "inverted U type" distribution, and the difference of level of ordinary athletes is the least. The number type athletes participate in the level of the largest difference.
【作者单位】：北京化工大学文法学院;成都体育学院体育教育训练三系;北京邮电大学体育部;
【基金】：国家体育总局奥运科研攻关项目(项目编号:2013A129)
【分类号】：G845

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