我国排球技术的演变与阶段特征分析

发布时间：2018-07-24 12:57

【摘要】：排球技术是排球运动重要组成部分,也是排球教学的重要内容。排球技术经过一百二十多年的演变,已由诞生之初简单的隔网拍击演变为当今具有高度的技巧性。在排球技术的发展过程中,有的技术逐渐被舍弃,同时又有新的技术出现。但是,被舍弃的技术,如勾手发飘球等,在教学中又是比较实用的。在排球课堂教学中,应该依据学生的不同个性特征,指导学生合理地掌握和运用排球技术,做到因材施教。该研究采用文献资料法、访谈法等研究方法,通过对民国至今的四十余册排球著作有关准备姿势和移动、传球、垫球、扣球、发球、拦网等排球技术演变的内容进行了细致的梳理和分析。在此基础上,划分了阶段并对阶段特征进行分析,得出了如下结论:1.排球技术发展分为四个阶段,分别是发展初期、技术分化完成期、扣球大发展,技术涌现高峰期、发展缓和期。2.发展初期阶段,大力发球的出现,加强了发球,一传沿用传球动作,导致一传相对薄弱;扣球技术有所创新。但拦网发展滞后,导致防守技术有所创新和提高。这一阶段的技术水平相对较低。3.技术分化完成期阶段,飘球的出现,使发球作用加强。前臂垫球的广泛运用,加强了一传和防守。平拉开等扣球的出现,提高了进攻的水平,同时,促进了规则关于拦网的修改。“盖帽拦网”的出现,加强了拦网,减轻了防守的压力。这一阶段,排球技术较“技术发展初期”有了进一步的提高,攻守相对趋向平衡。4.扣球大发展,技术涌现高峰期阶段,扣球技术迅速发展,达到了高峰期。其他各项技术水平也在互相不断刺激中进一步提高。上一阶段攻守相对平衡的状态被打破,呈现出攻强于守的特征。5.发展缓和期阶段,排球技术发展相对较平稳,没有新的技术创新出现。6.排球技术演变的原因有排球规则的修改、动作的创新、各项技术之间的影响、战术发展的需要和运动员身体素质的变化、场地变化。
[Abstract]:Volleyball technique is an important part of volleyball and also an important part of volleyball teaching. After more than 120 years of evolution, volleyball technology has evolved from a simple netting at the beginning of its birth to a high degree of skill. In the development of volleyball technology, some techniques are gradually abandoned, but also new techniques appear. However, abandoned techniques, such as hooks and dribbles, are more practical in teaching. In volleyball classroom teaching, students should be guided to master and apply volleyball skills reasonably according to their different personality characteristics so as to teach students according to their aptitude. This research adopts the method of literature, interview and other research methods, through more than 40 books on the preparation posture and movement, passing, padding, spiking, serve, etc., of volleyball books from the Republic of China to the present. The contents of volleyball technology evolution, such as blocking, are carefully combed and analyzed. On this basis, the stage is divided and the characteristics of the stage are analyzed, and the following conclusion is drawn: 1. Volleyball technology development is divided into four stages, namely, the initial stage of development, the completion period of technical differentiation, the great development of spiking, the peak period of technical emergence, and the period of relaxation of development. In the early stage of development, the emergence of vigorous service strengthened the serve, and the passing movement led to the relative weakness of the first pass; the smashing technique was innovated. But blocking development lags behind, leading to innovation and improvement of defensive technology. The technical level of this stage is relatively low. At the completion stage of technical differentiation, the appearance of floating ball strengthens the function of serve. The wide use of forearm washers strengthens the pass and defense. The appearance of equal-pull spikes improves the level of attack and promotes the modification of the rules on blocking. The emergence of "block blocks," strengthened the blocking, reducing the pressure of defense. At this stage, volleyball technology has been further improved compared with "the initial stage of technical development", and the offensive and defensive relatively tend to balance. 4. Spike development, the emergence of technology peak stage, spike technology rapid development, reached the peak. Other technical levels are also further enhanced by mutual stimulation. The state of relative balance of attack and defense in the last stage was broken, showing that attack is stronger than defense. In the period of development detente, volleyball technology development is relatively stable, and there is no new technological innovation. 6. 6. The reasons for the evolution of volleyball technique include the modification of volleyball rules, the innovation of movement, the influence of various techniques, the need of the development of tactics, the change of athlete's physical quality and the change of field.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G842

【参考文献】