中外双杠优秀运动员成套动作编排特征的研究

发布时间：2018-07-26 14:34

【摘要】：体操是我国竞技体育的传统优势项目,在男子竞技体操六项中双杠是我国男子运动员夺金的热点项目,也是目前为止获得奖牌数量最多、发展最好的一项,在世界赛事中一直保持着领先地位。本文通过对中外优秀双杠运动员成套动作编排特征进行比较,分析中外优秀双杠运动员动作编排的特点,找出我国双杠编排的优劣及影响动作完成质量的因素。深入研究新规则,充分利用新规则变化及动作编排发展的趋势,编排出更加合理的成套动作,借鉴和吸收国外优秀选手成套动作编排的优点,为我国双杠成套动作编排提供理论参考依据。本文通过文献资料法、录像观察法、数理统计法、专家访谈法等方法对中外双杠优秀运动员成套动作编排特征进行研究。通过44届、45届、46届体操世锦赛和31届奥运会双杠决赛前八名选手的成绩、成套动作编排、完成质量、动作难度进行分析,对比国外运动员双杠成套动作编排的特点,找出我国运动员双杠成套动作编排的优点和不足,得出以下结论;(1)在2017-2020奥运周期在双杠成套动作编排的模式发生很大的变化,由以前的五个组别动作,合并为四个组别动作,短半径回环和悬垂大摆类动作将成为双杠成套动作编排的主流趋势。(2)我国选手双杠成套动作编排的难度比较高,远超世界其他选手的动作编排难度,但是完成质量普遍不高,杠上失误比较多,而且从里约奥运会可以看出高质量的完成已经成为新的评分潮流和趋势。(3)我国选手的动作编排都是以支撑类和挂臂类空翻为主,在成套动作编排方面虽然合理,但已经不是双杠成套编排模式发展的趋势,现今国际体操裁判对空翻类动作在杠上加大了扣分力度,增加了许多特殊扣分因素,更加重视运动员动作的完成质量。(4)我国选手在下法方面选择的动作难度很高,但完成质量欠佳,稳定性不够,失误较多,这也是我国双杠项目存在的一个弊端。
[Abstract]:Gymnastics is the traditional advantage of competitive sports in our country. Among the six items of men's competitive gymnastics, the parallel bar is the hot event of winning gold for Chinese male athletes, and it is also the one with the largest number of medals and the best development so far. He has always been in the lead in world competitions. In this paper, the characteristics of Chinese and foreign excellent parallel bar athletes' complete sets of action arrangement are compared, the characteristics of Chinese and foreign excellent parallel bar athletes' movement arrangement are analyzed, and the advantages and disadvantages of parallel bar arrangement in our country and the factors influencing the performance quality of the parallel bars are found out. Deeply studying the new rules, making full use of the changes of the new rules and the trend of the development of the movement arrangement, arranging more reasonable sets of movements, drawing lessons from and absorbing the advantages of the choreography of the foreign excellent players' complete sets of movements, It provides the theoretical reference for the layout of parallel bars in our country. Based on the methods of literature, video observation, mathematical statistics and expert interview, this paper studies the arrangement characteristics of Chinese and foreign parallel bar elite athletes' complete sets of movements. Through the analysis of the results, complete quality and difficulty of the first eight players in the final of the 44th and 45th World Gymnastics Championships and the 31st Olympic Games parallel bars finals, the characteristics of the parallel bar complete sets of movements of foreign athletes are compared. Find out the advantages and disadvantages of Chinese athletes' parallel bar complete motion arrangement, and draw the following conclusions: (1) in the 2017-2020 Olympic Games cycle, the pattern of parallel bar complete motion choreography has changed greatly, from the previous five group movements to the four group movements. Short radius return loop and pendulum will become the mainstream trend of parallel bar complete set motion arrangement. (2) the difficulty of parallel bar complete set motion arrangement of our country's contestant is higher than that of other players in the world, but the quality of completion is generally not high. There are more errors on the bars, and it can be seen from the Rio Olympics that the completion of high quality has become a new trend of scoring. (3) the movements of Chinese athletes are mainly composed of somersaults of support and arms. Although the arrangement of complete sets of movements is reasonable, it is no longer the trend of the development of parallel bars. Nowadays, international gymnastics referees have increased the deduction of points on the bars for the somersault, and added many special points deduction factors. More attention should be paid to the completion quality of athletes' movements. (4) it is very difficult for Chinese athletes to choose the lower method, but the quality of completion is poor, the stability is not enough, and there are many mistakes, which is also a drawback of the parallel bars project in our country.
【学位授予单位】：西安体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G832.4

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