基于体感交互的静态平衡能力测评研究

发布时间：2018-07-28 07:16

【摘要】：平衡能力是身体素质指标之一,对运动技能和身体健康有重要影响;静态平衡能力是人体维持站立行走和稳定的完成各种动作的重要保障。静态平衡能力是维持静态姿势稳定的能力,控制身体重心在支撑面上保持稳定状态的能力。现有静态平衡能力测试方法通过压力中心变化特征评价,没有采用重心变化特征进行评价;评价指标众多不统一,缺少信度和效度较高的指标;基本采用单一项目和单一指标评价,缺乏综合评价指标。为了解决现有测试方法存在的问题,依据静态平衡能力测试理论,本研究首先设计了体感交互环境下测试人体静态平衡能力的睁眼双足站立、闭眼双足站立、睁眼单足站立和闭眼单足站立4个测试项目。然后,开发了基于体感交互设备Kinect的静态平衡能力测评系统。该系统能够实时记录测试过程中的人体25个关节位置和重心位置数据,通过重心摆动长度、重心摆动速度、重心摆动幅度和重心摆动面积等10项指标评价静态平衡能力,将评价指标结果直接反馈给用户,实现了过程化测评和实时反馈测评。最后,为了检验评价指标的信度和效度,本研究对14名健康的大学生实施了重复测试实验和同时测试实验。结果表明:基于体感交互设备Kinect的静态平衡能力测试结果具有较好的内部一致性信度、重测信度和同时效度。评价指标具有较好的信度和效度,能够可靠和有效地评价静态平衡能力。为了更加全面综合的评价静态平衡能力,我们依据以上10项指标和4个项目构建了一个静态平衡能力的综合评价指标模型。首先对南京市花园中学55名学生测试结果进行变异系数计算得到不同项目和指标的权重。然后,应用加权线性和法合成各个项目和指标,建立了综合评价指标模型。最后,将综合评价指标值与专家评分比较,结果表明:综合指标值越高,静态平衡能力越差,综合指标值越低,静态平衡能力越好;综合评价指标能准确地评价受试者的静态平衡能力,而且综合评价指标区分度比专家评分更好,对静态平衡能力较好者评分更加准确,并且区分性和灵敏性更好。本研究完成了基于体感交互的静态平衡能力测评方法,建立了综合评价指标模型,实现了客观量化的测评,为学生平衡能力发展和体质健康提供评价依据和更加准确、方便的测评方法。该方法不仅是价格合理操作简单,而且是自由非接触的测评,可以广泛应用在中小学平衡能力测评方面。
[Abstract]:Balance ability is one of the indicators of physical fitness, which has an important impact on sports skills and physical health, and static balance ability is an important guarantee for the human body to maintain standing and walk and to complete all kinds of movements stably. Static balance ability is the ability to maintain static posture stability, control the body center of gravity on the support surface to maintain a stable state. The existing static balance ability test methods are evaluated by the characteristics of pressure center change, but not by the change of center of gravity, and there are many different evaluation indexes, which are lack of high reliability and validity. The basic use of single project and single index evaluation, the lack of comprehensive evaluation indicators. In order to solve the problems existing in the existing testing methods, according to the theory of static balance ability testing, this study first designed open eyes bipedal standing and closed eyes bipedal standing to test the static balance ability of human body under the interactive environment of somatosensory. Standing on one foot with open eyes and standing on one foot with closed eyes were 4 test items. Then, a static balance capability evaluation system based on Kinect is developed. The system can record the data of 25 joints and center of gravity in real time. The static balance ability is evaluated by 10 indexes, such as the length of gravity center swing, the velocity of gravity center swing, the amplitude of gravity center swing and the area of gravity center swing. The evaluation results are directly fed back to the users, and the process evaluation and real-time feedback evaluation are realized. Finally, in order to test the reliability and validity of the evaluation index, this study carried out repeated tests and simultaneous tests on 14 healthy college students. The results show that the static balance ability test results based on Kinect have good internal consistency reliability retest reliability and simultaneous validity. The evaluation index has good reliability and validity, and can evaluate the static balance ability reliably and effectively. In order to evaluate the static balance ability more comprehensively, we constructed a comprehensive evaluation index model of static balance ability according to the above 10 indexes and 4 items. First, 55 students of Nanjing Huayuan Middle School were measured by coefficient of variation to get the weight of different items and indexes. Then, the weighted linear sum method is used to synthesize each item and index, and a comprehensive evaluation index model is established. Finally, the comprehensive evaluation index value is compared with the expert score. The results show that the higher the comprehensive index value is, the worse the static balance ability is, the lower the comprehensive index value is, the better the static balance ability is. The comprehensive evaluation index can accurately evaluate the static balance ability of the subjects, and the discrimination degree of the comprehensive evaluation index is better than the expert score, and the score of the better static balance ability is more accurate, and the discrimination and sensitivity are better. This research has completed the static balance ability evaluation method based on the body sense interaction, has established the comprehensive evaluation index model, has realized the objective quantification appraisal, has provided the appraisal basis and the more accurate for the student balanced ability development and the physique health. Convenient evaluation method. This method is not only simple in price, but also free and non-contact. It can be widely used in the evaluation of balance ability in primary and secondary schools.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.64

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