不同地域环境下黎、藏族青少年身体机能动态监测与研究
发布时间：2018-08-05 13:14
【摘要】：2014年10月20日,国务院下发了《关于加快发展体育产业促进体育消费的若干意见》,将全民健身上升为国家战略,青少年的体质健康研究也显得尤为重要。研究民族体质不仅是提高少数民族青少年健康发展的需要,更能促进民族团结和维护国家统一,具有一定的政治意义、经济意义和文化意义。横向以2010年海南黎族、海南乡村汉族以及西藏藏族7~18岁青少年男女生作为研究对象,将黎、汉、藏三民族学生的身体机能作为主要研究内容并将各项指标进行两两比较,得出相应u、p值并分析其是否具有差异性;纵向将1985年与2010年黎藏族青少年学生各项身体机能指标进行对比,分析黎藏族学生身体机能的变化,得出结论并提出建议。研究方法主要有:文献资料法、数理统计法、对比分析法和专家访谈法。主要研究结果如下:肺活量方面:横向,海南黎族、汉族与西藏藏族青少年男女肺活量均随年龄的增大而增大,其中男女生肺活量数据均显示:汉黎藏。纵向,1985与2010年相比可知,黎、藏族男女生肺活量指标在25年内成下降趋势,两民族的下降幅度均为女生大于男生。脉搏方面:横向,2010年黎、汉、藏族7~18岁男女生脉搏指标均随着年龄的变化而变化,且黎、汉、藏族男女生脉搏均值有升有降。其脉搏数据显示为:黎汉藏,那么三民族脉搏指数高低依次为:藏汉黎。纵向,1985年与2010年相比,黎族男、女生脉搏成下降趋势且女生下降幅度大于男生;藏族7~18男、女青少年学生的脉搏有上升趋势,藏族男生脉搏上升幅度大于藏族女生。收缩压方面:横向,汉族男女生收缩压基本平稳上升,黎族男女生青少年收缩压整体上升,藏族男女生该项指标波动起伏较大。纵向,1985与2010年相比可知,黎族7~18岁女生收缩压略有下降;黎族7~10岁男生收缩压有所回升,11~18岁男生的收缩压成下降趋。藏族7~18岁男、女生青少年的收缩压成阶段性提高,从1985年~2010年这25年间,藏族7~13岁女生的收缩压成下降趋势,14~18岁藏族女生的均值成缓慢上升趋势。舒张压方面:黎、汉、藏族男女生舒张压值基本随年龄的增长而增高,其舒张压数据显示为:藏汉黎,那么三民族青少年男女生舒张压高低依次为:黎汉藏。纵向,1985与2010年相比可知,黎、藏族男女生舒张压指标在25年内成下降趋势,两民族的下降幅度均是女生大于男生。针对上述情况,根据民族不同的地域环境、生活习惯、政策制度、社会经济因素等所引起的青少年身体机能所引起的变化进行说明,提出提高和改善黎族与藏族青少年身体机能的对策和建议。黎族:加强有氧运动,减少课业负担,培养学生健康的生活方式,少食垃圾食品。藏族:增强体育锻炼意识,坚持有氧运动,饮食清淡,多吃水果蔬菜少吃肉,少饮酒。此外,两地区均要完善学校内外体育设施,优化整合体育课程,开放体育场馆等。
[Abstract]:On October 20, 2014, the State Council issued some opinions on speeding up the development of sports industry and promoting sports consumption, which raised the national fitness to a national strategy, and the study on the physical health of adolescents is especially important. The study of national constitution is not only the need to improve the healthy development of minority youth, but also to promote national unity and safeguard national unity, which has certain political, economic and cultural significance. Horizontally, the male and female students of Li nationality in Hainan, Han nationality in rural Hainan and 18 year old Tibetan in Tibet were taken as the research objects. The physical function of students of Li, Han and Tibetan nationalities was taken as the main research content and the indexes were compared in two and two. This paper draws the corresponding UHP value and analyzes whether it has any difference, and makes a longitudinal comparison between 1985 and 2010, analyzes the changes of the physical function of Li Tibetan students, draws a conclusion and puts forward some suggestions. Research methods include: literature, mathematical statistics, comparative analysis and expert interviews. The main results are as follows: in the aspect of vital capacity: transverse, Hainan Li nationality, Han nationality and Tibet Tibetan adolescent lung capacity increase with the increase of age, in which male and female vital capacity data show: Han Li Tibet. Compared with 1985 and 2010, the index of vital capacity of male and female students in Li and Zang has a downward trend in 25 years, and the decrease range of the two ethnic groups is that the ratio of female students is larger than that of boys. Pulse: transverse, 2010, Li, Han, Tibetan 718 years old male and female pulse index changes with the change of age, and Li, Han, Tibetan male and female students pulse index has increased and decreased. The pulse data showed that Li Han and Tibet, then the three nationalities pulse index in turn: Tibetan Han Li Li. Longitudinal, in 1985, compared with 2010, the pulse of Li nationality male, female pulse decreased more than boys, Tibetan 718 boys, female adolescent students pulse rising trend, Tibetan male pulse rising amplitude is larger than Tibetan girls. The systolic blood pressure of male and female students of Han nationality increased steadily, the systolic blood pressure of boys and girls of Li nationality increased as a whole, and that of Tibetan male and female students fluctuated greatly. Compared with 2010, the systolic blood pressure of 718 year old girls of Li nationality decreased slightly, and the systolic pressure of 1118 year old boys of Li nationality increased slightly. From 1985 to 2010, the systolic blood pressure of girls and girls increased in stages. The systolic pressure of girls aged 7 to 13 decreased from 1985 to 2010, and the mean value of girls aged 14 to 18 showed a slow rising trend. In terms of diastolic pressure: the diastolic blood pressure of male and female students of Li Han and Tibetan increased with the increase of age. The data of diastolic pressure showed that the diastolic pressure of boys and girls of three nationalities was: Li Han and Tibetan. Compared with 2010 in 1985, the diastolic pressure index of Tibetan male and female students in Li and Zang has a downward trend in 25 years, and the decrease range of both nationalities is that female students are larger than male students. In view of the above situation, the changes caused by the physical functions of teenagers caused by different ethnic groups' regional environment, living habits, policy and system, social and economic factors, etc., are explained. The countermeasures and suggestions to improve the physical function of Li nationality and Tibetan teenagers were put forward. Li nationality: strengthen aerobic exercise, reduce the burden of school work, cultivate students' healthy lifestyle and eat less junk food. Tibetans: strengthen the awareness of physical exercise, adhere to aerobic exercise, light diet, eat more fruits and vegetables, eat less meat, less alcohol. In addition, both regions should perfect the physical facilities inside and outside the school, optimize the integration of physical education curriculum, open sports venues and so on.
【学位授予单位】：海南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G804.49
[Abstract]:On October 20, 2014, the State Council issued some opinions on speeding up the development of sports industry and promoting sports consumption, which raised the national fitness to a national strategy, and the study on the physical health of adolescents is especially important. The study of national constitution is not only the need to improve the healthy development of minority youth, but also to promote national unity and safeguard national unity, which has certain political, economic and cultural significance. Horizontally, the male and female students of Li nationality in Hainan, Han nationality in rural Hainan and 18 year old Tibetan in Tibet were taken as the research objects. The physical function of students of Li, Han and Tibetan nationalities was taken as the main research content and the indexes were compared in two and two. This paper draws the corresponding UHP value and analyzes whether it has any difference, and makes a longitudinal comparison between 1985 and 2010, analyzes the changes of the physical function of Li Tibetan students, draws a conclusion and puts forward some suggestions. Research methods include: literature, mathematical statistics, comparative analysis and expert interviews. The main results are as follows: in the aspect of vital capacity: transverse, Hainan Li nationality, Han nationality and Tibet Tibetan adolescent lung capacity increase with the increase of age, in which male and female vital capacity data show: Han Li Tibet. Compared with 1985 and 2010, the index of vital capacity of male and female students in Li and Zang has a downward trend in 25 years, and the decrease range of the two ethnic groups is that the ratio of female students is larger than that of boys. Pulse: transverse, 2010, Li, Han, Tibetan 718 years old male and female pulse index changes with the change of age, and Li, Han, Tibetan male and female students pulse index has increased and decreased. The pulse data showed that Li Han and Tibet, then the three nationalities pulse index in turn: Tibetan Han Li Li. Longitudinal, in 1985, compared with 2010, the pulse of Li nationality male, female pulse decreased more than boys, Tibetan 718 boys, female adolescent students pulse rising trend, Tibetan male pulse rising amplitude is larger than Tibetan girls. The systolic blood pressure of male and female students of Han nationality increased steadily, the systolic blood pressure of boys and girls of Li nationality increased as a whole, and that of Tibetan male and female students fluctuated greatly. Compared with 2010, the systolic blood pressure of 718 year old girls of Li nationality decreased slightly, and the systolic pressure of 1118 year old boys of Li nationality increased slightly. From 1985 to 2010, the systolic blood pressure of girls and girls increased in stages. The systolic pressure of girls aged 7 to 13 decreased from 1985 to 2010, and the mean value of girls aged 14 to 18 showed a slow rising trend. In terms of diastolic pressure: the diastolic blood pressure of male and female students of Li Han and Tibetan increased with the increase of age. The data of diastolic pressure showed that the diastolic pressure of boys and girls of three nationalities was: Li Han and Tibetan. Compared with 2010 in 1985, the diastolic pressure index of Tibetan male and female students in Li and Zang has a downward trend in 25 years, and the decrease range of both nationalities is that female students are larger than male students. In view of the above situation, the changes caused by the physical functions of teenagers caused by different ethnic groups' regional environment, living habits, policy and system, social and economic factors, etc., are explained. The countermeasures and suggestions to improve the physical function of Li nationality and Tibetan teenagers were put forward. Li nationality: strengthen aerobic exercise, reduce the burden of school work, cultivate students' healthy lifestyle and eat less junk food. Tibetans: strengthen the awareness of physical exercise, adhere to aerobic exercise, light diet, eat more fruits and vegetables, eat less meat, less alcohol. In addition, both regions should perfect the physical facilities inside and outside the school, optimize the integration of physical education curriculum, open sports venues and so on.
【学位授予单位】：海南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G804.49
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