中外男子竞技体操单杠竞争实力的对比及对策研究

发布时间：2018-08-29 11:39

【摘要】：研究中外男子竞技体操单杠竞争实力及对策,为我国男子体操运动员在2017-2020年东京奥运周期的训练及比赛提供对策及理论依据,这对于提高我国男子体操运动员在单杠项目的竞争实力具有一定的现实意义,也为日后的研究起到抛砖引玉的作用。本文运用文献资料法、录像观察法、对比分析法、问卷调查法及数理统计法。通过对里约奥运周期4次国际体操比赛(世锦赛3次、奥运会1次)及4次我国体操比赛(1次全运会、3次锦标赛)进行对比分析。通过研究中外男子竞技体操单杠竞争实力,得出导致目前我国男子竞技体操单杠项目竞争实力较弱的原因主要是:1.中国男子体操队在单杠项目进入决赛人次较少;2.成套最后得分较低;3.Ⅰ类动作组别(有或没有转体的悬垂摆动)及Ⅲ类动作组别(近杠动作)扭臂握完成的动作比例较多,加大了动作完成质量扣分的风险;Ⅱ类动作组别(飞行动作)选择上整体缺乏高难度的空翻类飞行动作;4.连接组合类型的选择上严重缺乏飞行动作+飞行动作类的连接动作;5.我国单杠优秀运动员成套失败人次多;6.下法动作落地扣分主要中错比例更高;7.成套完成分(E分)较低;7.我国单杠项目后备人才不足。并从以上原因归纳总结出我国男子体操运动员目前单杠项目上存在的主要问题有:1.成套难度动作不符合潮流趋势;2.成套完成质量及稳定性不足;3.东京奥运周期单杠项目新规则进一步的限制;4.我国单杠项目后备人才短缺。并从以上分析中提出提高我国男子竞技体操在单杠项目竞争实力的对策有:1.继续深入研究新周期的规则,吃透、读懂新规则;2.调整后备人才选拔及培养理念;3.协调发展各动作组别的难度;4.发展连续飞行动作连接技术;5.提升成套完成质量及心理稳定性;6.注重提升运动员的运动智能。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the competitive strength and countermeasures of Chinese and foreign men's competitive gymnastics horizontal bars, and provides the countermeasures and theoretical basis for the training and competition of Chinese male gymnasts in the period of Tokyo Olympic Games 2017-2020. It is of practical significance to improve the competitive strength of Chinese male gymnasts in horizontal bar events, and it will also serve as a starting point for future research. In this paper, the methods of literature, video observation, comparative analysis, questionnaire and mathematical statistics are used. Four international gymnastics competitions (3 world championships, 1 Olympic Games) and 4 Chinese gymnastics competitions (1 national games and 3 championships) in Rio Olympic cycle were compared and analyzed. By studying the competitive strength of Chinese and foreign men's competitive gymnastics horizontal bar, it is concluded that the main reason leading to the weak competitive strength of Chinese men's competitive gymnastics horizontal bar is: 1. Chinese men's gymnastics team in the horizontal bar event to enter the final less than 2. The final score of the complete set is lower than 3. The proportion of the class I action group (with or without the pendulous swing with or without a rotating body) and the class III action group (near bar action) completed by the wiggle arm grip is higher, which increases the risk of the quality deduction of the movement completion. Class II action group (flight action) selection of the overall lack of high difficulty somersault type flight action. In the choice of connection combination type, there is a serious lack of joint action of flight action type. China's top horizontal bar athletes complete sets of failures more than 6. Lower action landing points mainly in the error ratio is higher than 7. The complete set score (E score) is lower than 7. Our country horizontal bar project reserve talented person is insufficient. And from the above reasons summed up the main problems of Chinese male gymnasts in horizontal bar events are: 1. The complete set of difficulty movements do not conform to the trend of the trend. Complete quality and stability is insufficient. The new rules for the Tokyo Olympic cycle horizontal bar event are further restricted. Our country horizontal bar project reserve talent shortage. From the above analysis, the countermeasures to improve the competitive strength of Chinese men's competitive gymnastics in the horizontal bar are proposed as follows: 1. Continue to study the rules of the new cycle, eat through, understand the new rules. Adjust the idea of selecting and training reserve talents. The difficulty of coordinating the development of each action group is 4. Development of continuous flight action connection technology. Improve complete set quality and psychological stability. Pay attention to improve athletes' sports intelligence.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G832.3

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