新疆城市老年晨练人群生活质量的调查研究
发布时间：2018-09-01 08:52
【摘要】：目前中国是世界上老年人口最多、增长速度最快的国家。老龄化问题将成为我国主要的人口问题,而老年人口的生活质量问题就是这个问题的核心,也是社会学领域研究的热点课题之一。科学的身体锻炼是提高老年人口生活质量的重要措施之一,对提高老年人的身心健康具有重要的作用。晨练是老年人进行身体锻炼的主要形式。本研究以55-79岁的新疆城市老年晨练人群为研究对象,选取不锻炼的老年人群为对照组,对乌鲁木齐市、喀什市、阿勒泰市进行实地调研及问卷的发放与回收,了解新疆城市老年人群的晨练现状,了解新疆城市老年晨练人群生活质量的现状,与不同晨练行为老年人群之间对比,与不锻炼老年人群进行对比,来揭示晨练对老年人群生活质量的影响。为提高新疆老年人的生活质量提供科学的手段和方法,为政府解决日益严重的老龄化现象,引导其走向积极健康老龄化社会提供理论和实践依据。研究结果显示:1.新疆城市老年晨练人群中,参加晨练的女性老年人略多于男性老年人;汉族老年人是参加晨练的主力军;女性老年人丧偶多于男性老年人;老年晨练人群文化水平整体不高;88%的老年晨练人群为离退休人员;空巢老人所占比重为60.25%;在住房、经济来源、医疗保险方面有较好的生活保障。2.新疆城市晨练老年人大部分认为晨练在他们的生活中占有很重要的地位;老年晨练人群参加晨练的主要目的是维持健康;老年晨练人群选择的晨练项目大多以轻柔缓和的运动项目为主;和他人一起参加晨练的人数多于独自参加晨练的人数;部分老年晨练人群对晨练地点的环境比较重视;大部分晨练老年人就近选择晨练地点并根据自己的体力选择适宜的运动强度。3.所调查的新疆城市老年晨练人群中每天坚持晨练的人数约为3/5;每次晨练的时间在一小时以上的人数达到77.5%;老年人每周参加晨练的次数、晨练持续时间与老年人从中得到的积极幸福感体验呈正相关。4.新疆城市老年晨练人群生活质量的总分均值为81.574分,表明大部分老年晨练人群生活质量非常好,心理健康总评好于生理健康总评;大部分新疆城市晨练老年人群认为自己的身体健康状况与一年前相比可能变的更好了。5.年龄、性别、婚姻状况、文化程度、对晨练的重视程度、晨练的次数是影响新疆城市老年晨练人群生活质量的主要因素,其它因素有关但不显著。6.新疆城市老年晨练人群的生活质量显著好于不锻炼老年人群的生活质量;晨练对提高丧偶老年人群的生活质量具有重要意义。7.晨练对老年人的生理健康、心理健康、社会支持方面有重要的作用。
[Abstract]:At present, China is the world's largest elderly population, the fastest-growing country. The problem of aging will become the main population problem in China, and the quality of life of the elderly population is the core of this problem, and it is also one of the hot topics in the field of sociology. Scientific physical exercise is one of the important measures to improve the quality of life of the elderly population and plays an important role in improving the physical and mental health of the elderly. Morning exercise is the main form of physical exercise for the elderly. In this study, the elderly aged 55-79 years old people in Xinjiang city morning exercise were selected as the control group, the Urumqi City, Kashi City, Altay City were investigated and questionnaires were distributed and recovered in Urumqi City, Kashi City and Aletai City. To understand the current situation of morning exercise among the urban elderly in Xinjiang, to understand the present situation of the quality of life of the elderly in Xinjiang, to compare it with the elderly with different morning exercise behaviors, and to compare with the elderly people who do not exercise. To reveal the impact of morning exercise on the quality of life of the elderly. It provides scientific means and methods for improving the quality of life of the elderly in Xinjiang, and provides theoretical and practical basis for the government to solve the increasingly serious aging phenomenon and guide it to a positive and healthy aging society. The results of the study show that 1: 1. Among the urban elderly people in Xinjiang, the number of elderly women taking part in morning exercise is slightly higher than that of men; the elderly of Han nationality are the main force to participate in morning exercises; the elderly women are widowed more than the elderly men; The total education level of the elderly morning exercisers is not high 88% of the elderly morning exercisers are retirees; the proportion of empty nest elderly is 60.25; in housing, economic sources, medical insurance, there is a better life security. 2. Most of the old people in the city of Xinjiang think that morning exercise plays an important role in their life, and the main purpose of the elderly morning exercises is to maintain their health. Most of the morning exercises selected by the elderly people are gentle and gentle sports; the number of people who participate in morning exercises with others is more than the number of people who take part in morning exercises alone; part of the elderly people pay more attention to the environment of the morning exercises place; Most of the morning exercise elderly choose the nearest exercise site and choose the appropriate exercise intensity. 3 according to their physical strength. The number of urban elderly morning exercises surveyed in Xinjiang was about three-fifths of those who persisted in morning exercises every day; the number of people who took part in morning exercises for more than an hour per morning exercise reached 77.5; the number of elderly people participating in morning exercises per week was 77.5. The duration of morning exercise was positively correlated with the positive happiness experience of the elderly. 4. 4. The average score of the quality of life of the elderly people in Xinjiang was 81.574, which indicated that most of the elderly people had a very good quality of life, and the general evaluation of mental health was better than that of physiological health. Most urban elderly people in Xinjiang think their health may be better than a year ago. Age, sex, marital status, education level, the degree of attention to morning exercise, the number of morning exercises are the main factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly people in Xinjiang, other factors are related but not significant. 6. The quality of life of the elderly people in Xinjiang is significantly better than that of the old people who do not exercise, and it is of great significance to improve the quality of life of the widowed elderly people. Morning exercise plays an important role in the physical health, mental health and social support of the elderly.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G812.48
本文编号：2216689
[Abstract]:At present, China is the world's largest elderly population, the fastest-growing country. The problem of aging will become the main population problem in China, and the quality of life of the elderly population is the core of this problem, and it is also one of the hot topics in the field of sociology. Scientific physical exercise is one of the important measures to improve the quality of life of the elderly population and plays an important role in improving the physical and mental health of the elderly. Morning exercise is the main form of physical exercise for the elderly. In this study, the elderly aged 55-79 years old people in Xinjiang city morning exercise were selected as the control group, the Urumqi City, Kashi City, Altay City were investigated and questionnaires were distributed and recovered in Urumqi City, Kashi City and Aletai City. To understand the current situation of morning exercise among the urban elderly in Xinjiang, to understand the present situation of the quality of life of the elderly in Xinjiang, to compare it with the elderly with different morning exercise behaviors, and to compare with the elderly people who do not exercise. To reveal the impact of morning exercise on the quality of life of the elderly. It provides scientific means and methods for improving the quality of life of the elderly in Xinjiang, and provides theoretical and practical basis for the government to solve the increasingly serious aging phenomenon and guide it to a positive and healthy aging society. The results of the study show that 1: 1. Among the urban elderly people in Xinjiang, the number of elderly women taking part in morning exercise is slightly higher than that of men; the elderly of Han nationality are the main force to participate in morning exercises; the elderly women are widowed more than the elderly men; The total education level of the elderly morning exercisers is not high 88% of the elderly morning exercisers are retirees; the proportion of empty nest elderly is 60.25; in housing, economic sources, medical insurance, there is a better life security. 2. Most of the old people in the city of Xinjiang think that morning exercise plays an important role in their life, and the main purpose of the elderly morning exercises is to maintain their health. Most of the morning exercises selected by the elderly people are gentle and gentle sports; the number of people who participate in morning exercises with others is more than the number of people who take part in morning exercises alone; part of the elderly people pay more attention to the environment of the morning exercises place; Most of the morning exercise elderly choose the nearest exercise site and choose the appropriate exercise intensity. 3 according to their physical strength. The number of urban elderly morning exercises surveyed in Xinjiang was about three-fifths of those who persisted in morning exercises every day; the number of people who took part in morning exercises for more than an hour per morning exercise reached 77.5; the number of elderly people participating in morning exercises per week was 77.5. The duration of morning exercise was positively correlated with the positive happiness experience of the elderly. 4. 4. The average score of the quality of life of the elderly people in Xinjiang was 81.574, which indicated that most of the elderly people had a very good quality of life, and the general evaluation of mental health was better than that of physiological health. Most urban elderly people in Xinjiang think their health may be better than a year ago. Age, sex, marital status, education level, the degree of attention to morning exercise, the number of morning exercises are the main factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly people in Xinjiang, other factors are related but not significant. 6. The quality of life of the elderly people in Xinjiang is significantly better than that of the old people who do not exercise, and it is of great significance to improve the quality of life of the widowed elderly people. Morning exercise plays an important role in the physical health, mental health and social support of the elderly.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G812.48
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