上海赛艇男子公开级八人单桨备战2013年全运会冬训与赛前训练负荷结构特点的比较研究
发布时间：2018-09-05 09:49
【摘要】：研究目的:本文主要通过比较研究备战2013年全运会最后一个冬训(12周)和全运会决赛前(8周)训练负荷结构的差异,探究冬训与赛前训练负荷结构安排的有效性及合理性,通过分析对比不同阶段训练负荷的各自特点来反应不同训练时期的计划安排是否科学合理,以供今后教练员参考及做出适当的调整。研究方法:1.研究对象:上海赛艇队男子重量级八人单桨有舵手上的8名单桨运动员。2.研究内容:本研究选择的是2013年全运会前最后一个冬训12周(2012.12—2013.2)与全运会决赛前8周(2013.6—2013.8)上海男子八人艇实际完成训练负荷的结构及特点。训练负荷的监测采集分为两个方面,有关负荷量数据的采集上,主要采集的目标是水上训练课、测功仪训练课以及大强度训练和核心力量训练课,监测的指标主要为时间数;有关运动员训练负荷强度的监测上,我们采用的测量指标主要是乳酸和心率。在每次训练课上队员都会佩戴心率手表实时显示心率变化情况,而后在训练结束后采集耳血评测乳酸和强度。其中有氧强度规定Bla在4mmol/L之下,HR在160之下,而无氧强度训练则规定Bla在4mmol/L之上,HR在160之上。笔者采用以上强度定义的方法来划定训练中的有氧和无氧强度,对有效训练时间进行分类。研究结果:1.冬训期内有关水上有氧训练的时间总计为6510分钟,有关测功仪有氧训练的时间总计为2100分钟,有关水上无氧训练的时间总计为120分钟,有关测功仪无氧训练的时间总计为450分钟;冬训期内水上有氧训练的时间达32%的占比,测功仪有氧训练的时间达11%的占比,水上无氧训练的时间达0.6%的占比,测功仪无氧训练的时间达2%的占比。2.赛前期内有关水上有氧训练的时间总计为5400分钟,有关测功仪有氧训练的时间总计为1130分钟,有关水上无氧训练的时间总计为1429分钟,有关测功仪无氧训练的时间总计为40分钟;赛前期内水上有氧训练的时间达41%的占比,测功仪有氧训练的时间达8%的占比,水上无氧训练的时间达10%的占比,测功仪无氧训练的时间达接近1%的占比。3.冬训与赛前期训练的对比,冬训水上有氧训练每周平均时间总计为543分钟,测功仪有氧训练每周平均时间总计为175分钟,水上无氧训练每周平均时间总计为10分钟,测功仪无氧训练每周平均时间总计为38分钟;赛前水上有氧训练每周平均时间总计为675分钟,测功仪有氧训练每周平均时间总计为141分钟,水上无氧训练每周平均时间总计为179分钟;有氧训练在冬训期总训练时间的占比达43%,无氧训练的占比达3%,有氧训练在赛前期总训练时间的占比达49%,无氧训练的占比达10%。研究结论:1.冬训12周主要以水上有氧训练为主,测功仪有氧训练为辅,穿插进行测功仪和水上无氧训练;有氧训练总体表现出3个阶段波浪型变化,其中第1个阶段占比最高的是有氧训练,第2个阶段占比最高的是无氧训练。2.赛前8周的训练仍然以有氧训练为主,但无氧训练占比升高,在赛前第7周时无氧训练占比最高,赛前有氧训练占比呈现明显的“W”型;赛前第2个阶段的无氧训练占比明显高于第1个阶段,而有氧训练的占比明显低于第1个阶段。3.在全运会前的冬训和赛前阶段都以有氧训练为主,且赛前因训练内容的集中及对有氧训练的重视,有氧训练所占比例反而还高于冬训阶段,赛前期间无氧训练占比则始终高于冬训期间,这也与赛艇项目特征一致。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is to explore the validity and rationality of training load structure between winter training and Pre-competition Training by comparing the difference of training load structure between the last 12 weeks of preparation for the 2013 National Games and the 8 weeks before the final of the National Games, and to reflect the different training periods by analyzing and comparing the characteristics of training load in different stages. Research methods: 1. Object: Eight rowers of the Shanghai Rowing Team with eight heavyweight men single oars and eight Rowers on the helmsman. 2. Content: This study selected the last 12 weeks of winter training before the 2013 National Games (2012.12-2013.2) and the National Games. Eight weeks before the final (June 2013-August 2013) the structure and characteristics of the actual training load of the Shanghai men's eight-man boat were completed. The monitoring and acquisition of the training load can be divided into two aspects. For the data collection of the load, the main targets are water training, dynamometer training, high-intensity training and core strength training. The main monitoring indicators are water training, dynamometer training and core strength training. In each training class, the players will wear a heart rate watch to show the heart rate changes in real time, and then collect ear blood after the training to evaluate the lactic acid and strength. Under 160, anaerobic intensity training stipulates that Bla is above 4mmol/L and HR is above 160. The author uses the above definition of intensity to define the aerobic and anaerobic intensity in training and classify the effective training time. The total time of training is 2100 minutes, the total time of anaerobic training on water is 120 minutes, the total time of anaerobic training on dynamometer is 450 minutes; the time of aerobic training on water during winter training is 32%, the time of aerobic training on dynamometer is 11%, the time of anaerobic training on water is 0.6%, and the time of anaerobic training on dynamometer is anaerobic. Training time accounted for 2%. 2. The total time of aerobic training on water during the pre-competition period was 5400 minutes, the total time of aerobic training on dynamometers was 1130 minutes, the total time of anaerobic training on water was 1429 minutes, and the total time of anaerobic training on dynamometers was 40 minutes. 41%, dynamometer aerobic training time up to 8%, water anaerobic training time up to 10%, dynamometer anaerobic training time up to close to 1% of the proportion. For 175 minutes, the average weekly time of water anaerobic training is 10 minutes, the average weekly time of dynamometer anaerobic training is 38 minutes, the average weekly time of water aerobic training before competition is 675 minutes, the average weekly time of dynamometer aerobic training is 141 minutes, and the average weekly time of water anaerobic training is 179 minutes. Aerobic training accounted for 43% of the total training time in winter, 3% of anaerobic training, 49% of the total training time in pre-competition and 10% of anaerobic training. Oxygen training showed three stages of wave-like changes, the first stage accounted for the highest proportion of aerobic training, the second stage accounted for the highest proportion of anaerobic training. The proportion of anaerobic training in the second stage is obviously higher than that in the first stage, while the proportion of aerobic training is obviously lower than that in the first stage. In winter training stage, the proportion of anaerobic training in pre-competition period is always higher than that in winter training period, which is also consistent with the characteristics of rowing events.
【学位授予单位】：上海体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G861.4
，
本文编号：2223918
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study is to explore the validity and rationality of training load structure between winter training and Pre-competition Training by comparing the difference of training load structure between the last 12 weeks of preparation for the 2013 National Games and the 8 weeks before the final of the National Games, and to reflect the different training periods by analyzing and comparing the characteristics of training load in different stages. Research methods: 1. Object: Eight rowers of the Shanghai Rowing Team with eight heavyweight men single oars and eight Rowers on the helmsman. 2. Content: This study selected the last 12 weeks of winter training before the 2013 National Games (2012.12-2013.2) and the National Games. Eight weeks before the final (June 2013-August 2013) the structure and characteristics of the actual training load of the Shanghai men's eight-man boat were completed. The monitoring and acquisition of the training load can be divided into two aspects. For the data collection of the load, the main targets are water training, dynamometer training, high-intensity training and core strength training. The main monitoring indicators are water training, dynamometer training and core strength training. In each training class, the players will wear a heart rate watch to show the heart rate changes in real time, and then collect ear blood after the training to evaluate the lactic acid and strength. Under 160, anaerobic intensity training stipulates that Bla is above 4mmol/L and HR is above 160. The author uses the above definition of intensity to define the aerobic and anaerobic intensity in training and classify the effective training time. The total time of training is 2100 minutes, the total time of anaerobic training on water is 120 minutes, the total time of anaerobic training on dynamometer is 450 minutes; the time of aerobic training on water during winter training is 32%, the time of aerobic training on dynamometer is 11%, the time of anaerobic training on water is 0.6%, and the time of anaerobic training on dynamometer is anaerobic. Training time accounted for 2%. 2. The total time of aerobic training on water during the pre-competition period was 5400 minutes, the total time of aerobic training on dynamometers was 1130 minutes, the total time of anaerobic training on water was 1429 minutes, and the total time of anaerobic training on dynamometers was 40 minutes. 41%, dynamometer aerobic training time up to 8%, water anaerobic training time up to 10%, dynamometer anaerobic training time up to close to 1% of the proportion. For 175 minutes, the average weekly time of water anaerobic training is 10 minutes, the average weekly time of dynamometer anaerobic training is 38 minutes, the average weekly time of water aerobic training before competition is 675 minutes, the average weekly time of dynamometer aerobic training is 141 minutes, and the average weekly time of water anaerobic training is 179 minutes. Aerobic training accounted for 43% of the total training time in winter, 3% of anaerobic training, 49% of the total training time in pre-competition and 10% of anaerobic training. Oxygen training showed three stages of wave-like changes, the first stage accounted for the highest proportion of aerobic training, the second stage accounted for the highest proportion of anaerobic training. The proportion of anaerobic training in the second stage is obviously higher than that in the first stage, while the proportion of aerobic training is obviously lower than that in the first stage. In winter training stage, the proportion of anaerobic training in pre-competition period is always higher than that in winter training period, which is also consistent with the characteristics of rowing events.
【学位授予单位】：上海体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G861.4
，
本文编号：2223918
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