冷疗对不同项目类型运动员运动疲劳恢复效果的对比研究
发布时间：2018-09-18 10:42
【摘要】：研究目的:冷水浸泡疗法是目前促进机体运动后疲劳恢复的重要手段,尤其是在高强度的训练或比赛之后。如何能够快速、有效的促进运动疲劳的恢复效率已经成为国内外高水平教练员和科研人员研究的热点问题。本研究是针对耐力性项目和力量性项目男运动员运动后进行冷水浸泡(CWI)或被动恢复(PR)两种方式,研究冷疗对两种项目类型运动员恢复过程的影响及比较恢复方式之间的效果差异,以期在训练和比赛中为教练员和科研人员选择合适的冷疗恢复方式提供参考。研究方法:本实验采用随机交叉自身对照设计,12名耐力性项目运动员和13名力量性项目运动员进行两次Wingate无氧功率测试实验,运动后即刻对运动员分别进行不同恢复方式,即安静恢复(PR)和冷疗恢复(CWI),水温13℃、时间15min,实验间隔时间为一周。在实验中采集心率(HR)、血乳酸(BLA)、心输出量(CO)、每搏输出量(SV)、血流灌注指数(PI)、血氧饱和度(SaO2)、核心温度(TC)、体表温度(TS)、心率变异性(HRV)等相关生理指标,干预后对受试者进行Omega Wave综合机能测试。数据结果采用SPSS20.0统计软件进行分析。研究结果:1.在心血管系统方面,耐力项目运动员冷疗恢复的心率和血乳酸与安静恢复相比,没有显著性差异(P0.05);耐力项目运动员冷疗恢复的心输出量和心指数,在恢复即刻0min有显著性差异(P0.05),力量项目运动员冷疗恢复的心输出量和心指数没有表现出显著性差异;耐力项目运动员冷疗恢复的血流灌注指数在恢复至第15min,与安静恢复相比,有显著性差异(P0.05),力量项目运动员冷疗恢复的血流灌注指数在恢复期0~5min,与安静恢复相比有显著性差异(P0.05)。2.在氧运输系统方面,与安静恢复相比,耐力项目运动员冷疗恢复的血氧饱和度,在恢复至第15min时,表现出非常显著性差异(P0.001);力量项目运动员冷疗恢复的血氧饱和度,在恢复即刻0min时有显著性差异(P0.05)。3.在自主神经系统方面,与安静恢复相比,力量项目运动员冷疗恢复的高频段功率标化值和低频段功率标化值均有显著性差异(P0.05)。4.在运动能力方面,耐力项目运动员冷疗恢复后的跳跃次数与安静恢复相比有显著性差异(P0.05)。5.在体温方面,与安静恢复相比,耐力项目运动员冷疗恢复的耳温在恢复期0~3min时表现出非常显著性差异(P0.01),在恢复期10~15min时,有显著性差异(P0.01)。与安静恢复相比,力量项目运动员冷疗恢复的体表温度在恢复期5~15min时,表现出显著差异(P0.05)。研究结论:1.冷疗恢复提高耐力项目运动员运动后即刻心输出量、降低耐力运动员恢复期第15分钟肢体末端血流灌注量和力量运动员恢复期0-7分钟肢体末端血流灌注量,促进耐力项目运动员恢复期第15分钟血氧饱和度恢复,使机体外周的血液转移到心脏,从而加快运动疲劳的恢复。2.冷疗恢复能够加强力量项目运动员迷走神经活动,促进副交感神经激活,加快运动疲劳的恢复。3.运动后即刻冷疗恢复会减少耐力运动员的跳跃次数,限制肌肉的运动表现,降低运动员的运动能力。
[Abstract]:Research purposes: Cold water immersion therapy is an important means to promote the recovery of body fatigue after exercise, especially after high-intensity training or competition. How to promote the recovery efficiency of exercise fatigue quickly and effectively has become a hot issue for high-level coaches and researchers at home and abroad. To study the effect of cold therapy on the recovery process of two types of athletes and compare the effects of different methods of recovery, so as to provide coaches and researchers with appropriate methods of cold therapy recovery in training and competition. Methods: A randomized cross-over self-control design was used in this study. Twelve endurance athletes and 13 strength athletes were given two Wingate anaerobic power tests. After exercise, the athletes were immediately restored to different ways, i.e. quiet recovery (PR) and cold therapy recovery (CWI), water temperature was 13 C for 15 minutes. Heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BLA), cardiac output (CO), stroke output (SV), blood perfusion index (PI), blood oxygen saturation (SaO2), core temperature (TC), body surface temperature (TS), heart rate variability (HRV) and other related physiological indicators were collected in the experiment. After intervention, Omega Wave comprehensive function test was performed on the subjects. Results: 1. There was no significant difference in heart rate and blood lactic acid between endurance athletes after cold treatment and restored calmness (P 0.05). There was significant difference in cardiac output and cardiac index between endurance athletes after cold treatment and 0 minutes after recovery (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in cardiac output and cardiac index between mobilized cold therapy recovery and cold therapy recovery. The blood perfusion index of endurance athletes was significantly different from that of restored athletes at 15 min (P 0.05). The blood perfusion index of strength athletes was significantly different from that of restored athletes at 0-5 min during the recovery period. Significant difference (P Systematically, there were significant differences between the high-frequency power standardization and low-frequency power standardization of strength athletes after cold therapy recovery (P 0.05). 4. In sports ability, the number of jumps after cold therapy recovery was significantly different from that of restore (P 0.05). 5. Compared with quiet recovery, the ear temperature of endurance athletes in cold treatment recovery showed very significant difference (P 0.01) at 0-3 minutes of convalescence, and significant difference (P 0.01) at 10-15 minutes of convalescence. Compared with quiet recovery, the body surface temperature of strength athletes in cold treatment recovery showed significant difference (P 0.05) at 5-15 minutes of convalescence. Conclusion: 1. Cold therapy can improve the cardiac output of endurance athletes immediately after exercise, reduce the blood perfusion at the end of the limbs in the 15th minute of recovery period and the blood perfusion at the end of the limbs in the strength athletes in the 0th to 7th minute of recovery period, promote the recovery of oxygen saturation at the 15th minute of recovery period of endurance athletes, and make the peripheral blood of the body. Liquid transfer to the heart, thus speeding up the recovery of exercise fatigue. 2. Cold therapy recovery can strengthen the strength Event Athletes vagus nerve activity, promote parasympathetic nerve activation, accelerate the recovery of exercise fatigue. 3. Immediate cold therapy recovery after exercise will reduce the number of jumps endurance athletes, limit muscle performance, reduce athletic energy. Power.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.7
本文编号：2247649
[Abstract]:Research purposes: Cold water immersion therapy is an important means to promote the recovery of body fatigue after exercise, especially after high-intensity training or competition. How to promote the recovery efficiency of exercise fatigue quickly and effectively has become a hot issue for high-level coaches and researchers at home and abroad. To study the effect of cold therapy on the recovery process of two types of athletes and compare the effects of different methods of recovery, so as to provide coaches and researchers with appropriate methods of cold therapy recovery in training and competition. Methods: A randomized cross-over self-control design was used in this study. Twelve endurance athletes and 13 strength athletes were given two Wingate anaerobic power tests. After exercise, the athletes were immediately restored to different ways, i.e. quiet recovery (PR) and cold therapy recovery (CWI), water temperature was 13 C for 15 minutes. Heart rate (HR), blood lactate (BLA), cardiac output (CO), stroke output (SV), blood perfusion index (PI), blood oxygen saturation (SaO2), core temperature (TC), body surface temperature (TS), heart rate variability (HRV) and other related physiological indicators were collected in the experiment. After intervention, Omega Wave comprehensive function test was performed on the subjects. Results: 1. There was no significant difference in heart rate and blood lactic acid between endurance athletes after cold treatment and restored calmness (P 0.05). There was significant difference in cardiac output and cardiac index between endurance athletes after cold treatment and 0 minutes after recovery (P 0.05). There was no significant difference in cardiac output and cardiac index between mobilized cold therapy recovery and cold therapy recovery. The blood perfusion index of endurance athletes was significantly different from that of restored athletes at 15 min (P 0.05). The blood perfusion index of strength athletes was significantly different from that of restored athletes at 0-5 min during the recovery period. Significant difference (P Systematically, there were significant differences between the high-frequency power standardization and low-frequency power standardization of strength athletes after cold therapy recovery (P 0.05). 4. In sports ability, the number of jumps after cold therapy recovery was significantly different from that of restore (P 0.05). 5. Compared with quiet recovery, the ear temperature of endurance athletes in cold treatment recovery showed very significant difference (P 0.01) at 0-3 minutes of convalescence, and significant difference (P 0.01) at 10-15 minutes of convalescence. Compared with quiet recovery, the body surface temperature of strength athletes in cold treatment recovery showed significant difference (P 0.05) at 5-15 minutes of convalescence. Conclusion: 1. Cold therapy can improve the cardiac output of endurance athletes immediately after exercise, reduce the blood perfusion at the end of the limbs in the 15th minute of recovery period and the blood perfusion at the end of the limbs in the strength athletes in the 0th to 7th minute of recovery period, promote the recovery of oxygen saturation at the 15th minute of recovery period of endurance athletes, and make the peripheral blood of the body. Liquid transfer to the heart, thus speeding up the recovery of exercise fatigue. 2. Cold therapy recovery can strengthen the strength Event Athletes vagus nerve activity, promote parasympathetic nerve activation, accelerate the recovery of exercise fatigue. 3. Immediate cold therapy recovery after exercise will reduce the number of jumps endurance athletes, limit muscle performance, reduce athletic energy. Power.
【学位授予单位】：首都体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G804.7
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