中英体操对比研究

发布时间：2018-10-09 08:42

【摘要】：近些年中国体操后备人才的断层使中国体操一度辉煌的时代遇到很多困扰,异军突起的英国体操在奥运会上爆发,给了我们很多启示。本文采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、实地调查法和比较分析法等方法对中英体操进行比较研究,从竞技体操模块、学校体操模块、俱乐部体操模块和社区体操模块等几个模块入手,结合中英体操发展简史、政策和现阶段发展环境、体操实力水平成因,对中、英两国体操的管理模式、教育模式、俱乐部发展模式和社区体操发展模式等方面进行探析,比较中英体操发展的异同,取长补短,为中国体操的改革和发展提供参考资料。研究得出如下基本结论:1、中国体操由国家体育总局体操管理中心主管,各级地方体育职能部门和运动学校完成资源配置。随着逐年改革,不断把体育推向市场,但社会资源利用上稍显劣势。英国体操由政府组织和非政府组织共同管理,有效刺激社会资源合理配置和大众参与。2、中国学校体操模块开展缓慢,在推广过程中困难重重、普及率很低。英国学校体操模块的开展较好,能根据国家课程标准普及体操知识、培养体操兴趣和发掘体操潜能。3、中国的俱乐部体操模块发展虽然较为缓慢,但是目前“少儿快乐体操”开展的较有成效,为培养适龄儿童体操兴趣和技能做出了较好的模范。英国俱乐部体操模块开展进一步巩固和提高参与体操人群的水平,各式各样的俱乐部为不同年龄段人群提供机会。4、中国社区体操模块为自发组织的业余爱好个体或者群体活动。英国社区体操模块以俱乐部、训练营和其他活动形式开展,能够使社区居民获取体操知识和技能,提高身体健康水平。5、中国体操的发展依靠独立的训练体制,重视发展竞技体操模块,体操大众普及率较低。英国体操的发展是以体操俱乐部为基本单位,结合各种类型的训练营,将竞技体操模块、学校体操模块、社区体操模块、俱乐部体操模块有机联合成一个整体,对提高英国体操普及率和竞技水平有着卓越贡献。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the gap of Chinese gymnastic reserve talents makes the Chinese gymnastics once brilliant era encountering a lot of troubles, the sudden British gymnastics broke out in the Olympic Games, gave us a lot of inspiration. This paper uses the methods of literature, expert interview, field investigation and comparative analysis to make a comparative study on Chinese and English gymnastics, including competitive gymnastics module, school gymnastics module, and so on. Starting with several modules, such as club gymnastics module and community gymnastics module, combining with the brief history of Chinese and English gymnastics development, policies and current development environment, the causes of strength level of gymnastics, the management mode and education mode of gymnastics between China and Britain, This paper probes into the development mode of club and community gymnastics, compares the similarities and differences of the development of Chinese and English gymnastics, draws on each other's shortcomings, and provides reference materials for the reform and development of Chinese gymnastics. The basic conclusion of the study is as follows: 1. Chinese gymnastics is in charge of the gymnastic management center of the State Sports Administration, and local sports functional departments and sports schools at all levels complete the allocation of resources. With the year-by-year reform, sports are pushed to the market, but the utilization of social resources shows a slight disadvantage. British gymnastics is managed jointly by governmental and non-governmental organizations, which effectively stimulates the rational allocation of social resources and the participation of the public. The Chinese school gymnastic module develops slowly and is difficult to popularize, and the popularization rate is very low. The British school gymnastics module develops well, can popularize the gymnastics knowledge according to the national curriculum standard, cultivate the gymnastics interest and explore the gymnastics potential .3. although the development of the club gymnastics module in China is relatively slow, But at present, the children's happy gymnastics has been carried out effectively, and has made a better model for cultivating the children's gymnastics interest and skill. The British Club Gymnastics Module further strengthens and improves the level of participation in gymnastics, various clubs provide opportunities for different age groups. The Chinese Community Gymnastics Module is a self-organized amateur individual or group activity. The British Community Gymnastics Module is developed in the form of clubs, training camps and other activities to enable community residents to acquire gymnastics knowledge and skills and to improve their health level. The development of gymnastics in China depends on an independent training system. Attach importance to the development of competitive gymnastics module, gymnastics popularity rate is low. The development of British gymnastics takes the gymnastics club as the basic unit and combines various types of training camps, organically unifying the competitive gymnastics module, the school gymnastics module, the community gymnastics module and the club gymnastics module into a whole. To improve the popularity of British gymnastics and competitive level has a remarkable contribution.
【学位授予单位】：武汉体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G832

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