中国职业足球“黑哨”成因分析与对策

发布时间：2018-10-31 17:10

【摘要】：随着2009年末中国足坛掀起的打假扫黑风暴,众多“黑哨”、“假球”案例浮出水面,多名参与“假球”、“黑哨”行为的官员与裁判员纷纷落马,“黑哨”现象极其恶劣的影响和制约中国职业足球联赛的发展前行。因此深度分析中国足球“黑哨”的成因、探讨其应对措施、对策,将对促进我国足球水平的提高以及国内职业足球联赛的良性运转具有重大的影响。本文以中国职业足球联赛中的“黑哨”现象为研究对象,主要采用文献资料法、专家访谈法、统计分析法以及案例分析法。在学习有关足球运动中“黑哨”现象的文献资料基础上,归纳出“黑哨”现象的类型和基本历程,为分析国内足球职业联赛“黑哨”现象的产生原因提供参考依据。为此,本文作者主要就联赛体制方面、联赛经营方面、裁判管理方面对中国足球“黑哨”成因进行研究,并通过对现象的分析、对相关专家学者的访谈以及对相关资料的归纳和总结,相应的提出了国内足球职业联赛“黑哨”现象主要是由于权力过于集中产生权力寻租,中国足球的管理职能错位,俱乐部发展目标的双重性,俱乐部经营权的流失,高层公信力低及裁判员薪酬偏低等原因造成。最后,为了更好地认识、预测和有效控制国内足球职业联赛中的“黑哨”行为,本文作者认为,可通过采取完善中国足球体制改革,建立科学的监管机制,协调经营权分配,完善联赛裁判体制,增加裁判员收入等一系列措施,以期达到净化足球环境,让中国足球在一种良好的氛围中不断提高水平,从而进一步促使中国足球健康快速发展。
[Abstract]:With the crackdown on fraud and blackening in Chinese football in late 2009, numerous cases of "black whistle" and "match-fixing" have surfaced, and many officials and referees involved in the "fixing" and "black whistle" behavior have fallen. The phenomenon of black whistle affects and restricts the development of Chinese professional football league. Therefore, the deep analysis of the causes of the "black whistle" of Chinese football, the discussion of its countermeasures and countermeasures, will have a great impact on the improvement of the level of Chinese football and the benign operation of the domestic professional football league. This paper takes the phenomenon of "black whistle" in Chinese professional football league as the research object, mainly adopts the method of literature, expert interview, statistical analysis and case analysis. On the basis of studying the literature about the phenomenon of "black whistle" in football, this paper sums up the types and basic course of the phenomenon of "black whistle", and provides a reference for analyzing the causes of the phenomenon of "black whistle" in domestic football professional league. Therefore, the author mainly studies the causes of "black whistle" of Chinese football in the aspects of league system, league management and referee management, and through the analysis of the phenomenon, Interviews with relevant experts and scholars and the induction and summary of relevant materials, the corresponding proposed domestic football league "black whistle" phenomenon is mainly due to excessive concentration of power rent-seeking power, Chinese football management functions misplaced, The duality of the club's development goal, the loss of the club's management right, the low credibility of the high level and the low remuneration of the umpire are caused by the duality of the club's development goal. Finally, in order to better understand, predict and effectively control the "black whistle" behavior in the domestic professional football league, the author thinks that we can adopt the reform of Chinese football system, establish a scientific supervision mechanism, and coordinate the distribution of management rights. A series of measures such as perfecting the referee system and increasing the referee's income are expected to purify the football environment and improve the level of Chinese football in a good atmosphere so as to further promote the healthy and rapid development of Chinese football.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：G843

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