肩胛骨稳定性训练对排球运动员扣球挥臂速度的影响研究

发布时间：2018-11-02 19:50

【摘要】：近年来,随着人们对于肩关节及其周围组织相关知识认识的提高,肩胛骨在上肢功能中所扮演的角色已经引起了研究者不断的兴趣。肩胛骨作为核心、脊柱和肩部之间的骨性连接,作为身体动力链传递的主要支点,在上肢运动能量传递过程中起到了十分重要的作用。如果肩胛骨稳定性下降,就会导致动力链出现能量泄露的现象,最终就会导致肌肉收缩效果降低使得运动整体效能下降。在排球扣球过程中,肩胛骨的稳定性使能量在动力链上的传递更加顺畅,使到达远侧环节的能量最大化,同时肩胛骨的稳定性为上肢的扣球动作提供稳定的支撑,使肩关节处的肌肉收缩发力更加充分,从而提高排球运动员的扣球挥臂速度。同时,肩胛骨稳定肌力量下降而引发的肌肉不平衡是肩关节损伤的重要原因,肩胛骨稳定性训练对于肩关节损伤有很好的预防作用,从而加强了排球运动员肩关节的运动功能。本论文采用文献资料法、专家问卷法、实验法、数理统汁法等方法对肩胛骨稳定性训练对排球运动员扣球速度的影响进行了实验研究和理论分析。以北京体育大学校男排12名排球运动员作为实验对象,并将实验对象分成实验组和对照姐。在实验前后对实验组和对照组的肩胛骨稳定性数值和原地扣球速度数值以及反映排球运动员挥臂速度的指标进行测试采集。从2016年10月开始到2016年12月结束,在为期6周,每周3次,排球训练课后,对实验组进行肩胛骨稳定性训练,而对照组不进行干预,可以自行离开。以实证的方式来检验肩胛骨稳定性训练对排球运动员扣球挥臂速度的影响和作用,为提高我国排球运动员扣球速度提出建议。通过对实验前后实验组和对照组肩胛骨稳定性数值和原地扣球速度数值以及影响挥臂速度的测试成绩进行统计分析,得出以下结论:(1)6周的肩胛骨稳定性训练对提高运动员肩胛骨的稳定性有显著性作用。(2)肩胛骨稳定性训练对反映排球运动员扣球挥臂速度的单侧手过头动作的羽毛球掷远和原地优势臂单臂实心球掷远有积极的影响。(3)肩胛骨稳定性训练对反映排球运动员扣球挥臂速度的双侧手过头动作的双手头上前抛实心球有显著性作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the improvement of knowledge about the shoulder joint and its surrounding tissues, the role of scapula in the upper limb function has attracted more and more attention. As the core, the osseous connection between spine and shoulder, as the main fulcrum of motor chain transmission, scapula plays a very important role in the process of upper limb motion energy transmission. If the scapular stability decreases, it will lead to the energy leakage in the dynamic chain, which will eventually lead to the reduction of the muscle contraction effect and the decrease of the overall motor effectiveness. In the process of volleyball spiking, the stability of scapula makes the energy transfer in the power chain more smooth, and maximizes the energy to the distal link. At the same time, the stability of the scapula provides a stable support for the spiking movement of the upper limb. The muscle at the shoulder joint is more fully contracted, thus increasing the speed of the volleyball player's spiking arm. At the same time, the muscle imbalance caused by the decrease of the muscle strength of scapular stabilization is an important reason of shoulder joint injury. The training of scapular stability has a good preventive effect on shoulder joint injury, thus strengthening the movement function of the shoulder joint of volleyball players. In this paper, the effects of scapular stability training on the spiking speed of volleyball players were studied experimentally and theoretically by the methods of literature, expert questionnaire, experiment, mathematical juice and so on. Twelve male volleyball players from Beijing physical Education University were selected as experimental objects, and the subjects were divided into experimental group and control group. Before and after the experiment, the values of scapular stability, in situ spiking speed and the index reflecting the swing speed of volleyball players were measured and collected from the experimental group and the control group. From October 2016 to December 2016, the experimental group was given scapular stability training after volleyball training for 6 weeks, three times a week, while the control group could leave without intervention. The effect and effect of scapular stability training on the speed of spiking and swinging of volleyball players are tested by empirical method, and some suggestions are put forward to improve the speed of spiking of volleyball players in China. Through the statistical analysis of the scapular stability, the in-situ spiking speed and the test results affecting the arm swing speed before and after the experiment, the experimental group and the control group were analyzed. The conclusions are as follows: (1) six weeks of scapular stability training has a significant effect on improving the stability of the scapular bones of athletes. (2) the stability training of scapular bones has a significant effect on the unilateral hand which reflects the speed of spiking and swinging arm of volleyball players. (3) the scapular stability training has a positive effect on the forethrow of both hands which reflect the speed of overshoot and overshoot of the volleyball player's hands. (3) the shoulder blade stability training has a positive effect on the overshoot of badminton and the single-arm solid ball throw in situ. Solid ball has significant effect.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G842

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