古希腊奥运会“神圣休战公约”的原则与实践——以莱普瑞昂事件为例
发布时间：2018-11-10 16:31
【摘要】：公元前420年第90届古希腊奥运会召开前夕,东道主伊利斯人宣布将斯巴达人逐离奥林匹亚,禁止其在此祭神和参赛,理由是斯巴达人违背"神圣休战公约",在上一届奥运会召开时出兵莱普瑞昂。面对伊利斯人开出的罚单,斯巴达人据理力争,拒不认罚。双方剑拨弩张,奥运会在"人人恐慌"的氛围中举行。经由古希腊经典史料的文献学分析和历史实证考察可知:作为古代奥运会"第一原则"的"神圣休战公约"在名义上广受希腊城邦的认同;但在实际执行过程中,休战的原则常被用作权力争夺的工具与利益交换的筹码,在奥林匹克"体育和平"的理想与实践之间,存在着经由实利世俗因素干扰而造成的落差。莱普瑞昂,就是伊利斯与斯巴达借用"神圣休战公约"之名而展开的实利争夺的目标。从奥林匹克运动源头出发的历史回顾再一次提示:"Olympic Games"绝不仅仅是作为"游戏"的"Games"——这虽有悖当代体育价值观的精神向往,但却是不争的历史实际。由文明交往而产生,又被刻意发明和利用的体育,往往负载着更为复杂而深刻的社会属性与文化内涵。
[Abstract]:On the eve of the 90th Olympic Games in ancient Greece in 420 B.C., the host, Ellis, announced that the Spartans would be expelled from Olympia, prohibiting them from sacrificing their gods and taking part in the competition, on the grounds that the Spartans had violated the Convention of the Holy truce. When the last Olympic Games began, he sent troops to Lipreian. Faced with a ticket issued by the Ellis, the Spartans argued for it and refused to admit it. The Olympic Games were held in an atmosphere of panic. Through the documentary analysis and historical demonstration of the ancient Greek classic historical data, we can see that the "sacred truce convention", as the "first principle" of the ancient Olympic Games, was widely recognized by the Greek city-states in name; However, in the process of practical implementation, the principle of truce is often used as a tool for power struggle and a bargaining chip for the exchange of interests. There is a gap between the ideal and practice of Olympic "sports peace", which is caused by the interference of profit-seeking and secular factors. Lyprion is the objective of Iris and Sparta's real-profit struggle under the name of the Convention of the Holy truce. The historical review from the source of the Olympic Movement suggests once again that "Olympic Games" is not only "Games" as "game"-it is a spiritual yearning contrary to the values of contemporary sports, but it is an indisputable historical reality. Sports, produced by civilization and deliberately invented and used, are often loaded with more complicated and profound social attributes and cultural connotations.
【作者单位】： 东北师范大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金一般项目《体育史学基本理论研究》,项目号:15BTY085
【分类号】：G811.21
本文编号：2322965
[Abstract]:On the eve of the 90th Olympic Games in ancient Greece in 420 B.C., the host, Ellis, announced that the Spartans would be expelled from Olympia, prohibiting them from sacrificing their gods and taking part in the competition, on the grounds that the Spartans had violated the Convention of the Holy truce. When the last Olympic Games began, he sent troops to Lipreian. Faced with a ticket issued by the Ellis, the Spartans argued for it and refused to admit it. The Olympic Games were held in an atmosphere of panic. Through the documentary analysis and historical demonstration of the ancient Greek classic historical data, we can see that the "sacred truce convention", as the "first principle" of the ancient Olympic Games, was widely recognized by the Greek city-states in name; However, in the process of practical implementation, the principle of truce is often used as a tool for power struggle and a bargaining chip for the exchange of interests. There is a gap between the ideal and practice of Olympic "sports peace", which is caused by the interference of profit-seeking and secular factors. Lyprion is the objective of Iris and Sparta's real-profit struggle under the name of the Convention of the Holy truce. The historical review from the source of the Olympic Movement suggests once again that "Olympic Games" is not only "Games" as "game"-it is a spiritual yearning contrary to the values of contemporary sports, but it is an indisputable historical reality. Sports, produced by civilization and deliberately invented and used, are often loaded with more complicated and profound social attributes and cultural connotations.
【作者单位】： 东北师范大学历史文化学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金一般项目《体育史学基本理论研究》,项目号:15BTY085
【分类号】：G811.21
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