世界女子体操高低杠成套动作编排特征研究

发布时间：2018-12-21 12:07

【摘要】：自从我国运动员马燕红在第20届世锦赛上夺得高低杠世界冠军之后,我国高低杠就开始进入优势项目行列中。竞赛成绩的不断提高,中国高低杠项目逐渐成为世界公认的强项,拥有了一系列以我国运动员名字命名的高低杠动作,为世界体操高低杠的发展做出了伟大的贡献。但是在里约奥运会上中国体操队没有一块金牌,作为占领我国竞技体操事业举足轻重的地位高低杠项目成绩也不理想。因此如何更好地开展女子高低杠项目是所面临的一个重要课题。中国体操在东京奥运会必须打响翻身仗,在国际潮流中弘扬中国体操事业精神。本文采用文献资料法、调查法、观察法等研究方法探索世界女子高低杠动作编排评分规则的演变特征,分析世界女子高低杠编排评分规则的改变对其动作编排的影响。运用数理统计法、观察法、比较分析法分别选取2016年全国体操锦标赛、里约奥运周期的世锦赛和奥运会体操高低杠单项决赛选手动作为观察统计对象,对40个奥运周期成套动作的上法、下法、换杠动作、杠中动作的数量进行了全面、深入的对比分析。结合新周期女子高低杠新规则对世界女子高低杠动作编排特征进行研究,找出当代高低杠成套动作编排的发展态势,让我国教练员能够全面了解新规则,为新周期我国女子体操高低杠成套动作的编排提供参考依据,同时更有针对性的培养后备人才。解读新旧周期竞技体操高低杠项目规则,结合里约周期大赛视频分析,通过研究分析结果表明:1.编排要求动作类型越来越多样化,直接连接的数量成为优秀成套编排的评判标准之一,同时规则鼓励发展大幅度的动作是难度表里难度动作修改的主要特点。2.D分(难度分)与E分(完成分)是互相牵制和制约的,必须要共同发展才是取胜的关键,要对难度动作的技术要求趋于精细化,因为其重要性必须依靠创造的价值来体现。3.成套动作的编排趋向于高难动作直接相连,必须将难度动作串连起来,这才符合规则的要求。4.换杠动作的难度和数量将成为衡量高低杠技术水平的重要标志之一,成套动作的编排更加丰富、新颖,提高连接加分将是未来低杠技术开发和编排新趋。5.近杠回环的使用数量增加,近杠回环这一类型的整体技术得到大力发展
[Abstract]:Since Ma Yanhong, a Chinese athlete, won the World Championship on uneven bars in the 20th World Championship, China's uneven bars have entered the ranks of superior events. With the continuous improvement of competition results, the Chinese uneven bars project has gradually become a recognized strong point in the world, with a series of uneven bar movements named after Chinese athletes, which has made great contributions to the development of the world gymnastics uneven bars. However, the Chinese gymnastics team did not have a gold medal in the Rio Olympics. Therefore, how to better carry out the women uneven bars project is an important subject. Chinese gymnastics in Tokyo Olympic Games must start the battle to carry forward the spirit of Chinese gymnastics in the international trend. In this paper, the methods of literature, investigation and observation are used to explore the evolvement characteristics of the women's uneven bars in the world, and to analyze the influence of the changes of the women's uneven bars' grading rules on the performance of the women's uneven bars in the world. By means of mathematical statistics, observation and comparative analysis, the participants in the 2016 National Gymnastics Championships, the World Championships in the Rio Olympic Games and the Olympic gymnastic uneven bars single finalists were chosen as the observation and statistics objects, respectively. This paper makes a comprehensive and in-depth comparative analysis of the number of actions in 40 Olympic cycle complete sets of actions, including upper, lower, change bars and bars. Combining with the new rules of women uneven bars in the new cycle, this paper studies the characteristics of the arrangement of women's uneven bars in the world, and finds out the development situation of the complete set of uneven bars in contemporary times, so that our coaches can fully understand the new rules. It provides a reference for the arrangement of the parallel bars in the women's gymnastics in China in the new cycle, and trains the reserve talents more pertinently at the same time. Interpretation of the new and old cycle gymnastics uneven bar project rules, combined with the video analysis of the Rio cycle contest, through research and analysis results show: 1. Choreography requires more and more diverse types of actions, and the number of direct connections becomes one of the criteria for evaluating excellent sets of choreography. At the same time, the rules to encourage the development of large-scale movements are the main characteristics of difficulty movement modification in the difficulty table. 2.D (difficulty score) and E (completion score) are mutual constraints and constraints, and must be developed together is the key to win. The technical requirements for difficult movements tend to be refined, because their importance must be reflected by the value of creation. 3. 3. The arrangement of the complete set of movements tends to be directly linked to the most difficult movements, and must be connected in series to meet the requirements of the rules. 4. The difficulty and quantity of changing bars will become one of the important symbols to measure the technical level of uneven bars. The arrangement of complete sets of actions will be richer and more novel. Increasing the connecting bonus will be the new trend of low bar technology development and arrangement in the future. With the increase in the number of use of the near-bar loop, the overall technology of the near-bar loop has been greatly developed.
【学位授予单位】：西安体育学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G832.5

【相似文献】