我国艺术体操个人项目运动员平衡类身体难度动作研究

发布时间：2019-03-29 20:53

【摘要】：随着艺术体操评分规则的不断修改,艺术体操项目向着超难化、多样化、复杂化的方向发展,对运动员的技术水平要求更加完美化,身体难度动作的技术水平一直是影响比赛得分的重要因素之一。平衡类身体难度动作是艺术体操身体难度动作组之一,与跳跃类、转体类身体难度动作共同构成艺术体操身体难度动作组。由于其动作技术的特殊性,借助运动技能的迁移作用,平衡类身体难度的技术能力对转体类身体难度动作的完成起到正迁移的促进作用,本研究将依据2013-2016版艺术体操评分规则梳理影响我国艺术体操运动员平衡类身体难度动作的关键性数据；对目前我国高水平艺术体操运动员平衡类身体难度动作完成质量进行分析；在运动训练学前沿理论的支撑下,进一步研究出针对中国艺术体操运动员平衡类身体难度动作的发展路径。为提高运动员竞技能力水平提供参考依据。研究结论如下：1.以难、新、美、稳为根本,竞技性和艺术性的共同发展是艺术体操平衡类身体难度动作的发展主旨,发展趋势主要表现为难度动作选用的高分值；不同组难度的混合运用；不同类型难度的丰富性；和适合个人特点创新性。2.2013-2016奥运周期我国艺术体操运动员平衡类身体难度动作呈现特征为：成套动作中平衡难度动作数量多、单个难度分值低；俯平衡、仰平衡、侧倒平衡出现的频数较高,完成质量与世界高水平运动员有显著差距。3.我国艺术体操运动员与世界高水平运动员在四项器械的成套动作中平衡类身体难度动作所结合的器械技术的差异为类型不够丰富。4.运动训练方法、运动技术的发展的水平、竞赛规则等专业信息的理解和把握、成套动作编排是影响我国艺术体操运动员身体难度动作完成的关键性因素。5.推动竞赛规则等专业信息的理解和把握；科学的设计和采用运动训练方法；精雕细刻运动员的基本技术、注重实战能力训练；提高成套动作编排的质量和水平；重视运动员知识能力的培养是发展运动员平衡类身体难度动作的重要途径。6.2013-2016奥运周期,评分规则对身体难度动作的规则揭示出我国艺术体操运动员平衡类身体难度动作组的技术水平相比转体类,跳跃类难度较低,平衡类身体难度动作是我国艺术体操个人项目运动员的技术短板。
[Abstract]:With the continuous revision of the grading rules of rhythmic gymnastics, the rhythmic gymnastics events are developing in the direction of super-difficult, diversified and complicated, and the technical level of athletes is required to be more perfect. The skill level of body difficult movement has always been one of the important factors that affect the score of competition. The balance body difficulty action is one of the physical difficulty action groups of rhythmic gymnastics, and together with the jumping and turning body difficulty movements, it forms the rhythmic gymnastics body difficulty action group. Due to the particularity of its movement technology, with the help of the transfer of sports skills, the technical ability of balancing the difficulty of the body plays a positive role in promoting the completion of the difficult movement of the body of the transposed body. According to the 2013 / 2016 rhythmic gymnastics scoring rules, this study will sort out the key data that affect the balance difficult movement of Chinese rhythmic gymnasts. This paper analyzes the quality of balance difficult movement of high-level rhythmic gymnasts in our country at present. Supported by the frontier theory of sports training, the development path of balance difficult movement of Chinese rhythmic gymnasts is further studied. In order to improve the level of competitive ability of athletes to provide a reference basis. The conclusions of the study are as follows: 1. On the basis of difficulty, new, beauty and stability, the common development of competition and artistry is the development theme of the balance body movement of rhythmic gymnastics, the development trend is mainly manifested as the high score of difficulty movement selection, the mixed application of different groups of difficulty, and the combination of difficulty in different groups. The richness of different types of difficulty; 2.2013-2016 Olympic cycle Chinese rhythmic gymnasts balance the body difficulty movement presents the characteristic as follows: in the complete set movement the balance difficulty movement quantity is many, the single difficulty score is low; The frequency of prone balance, pitch balance and lateral inverted balance is higher, and there is a significant difference between the completion quality and the high level athletes in the world. 3. The difference between Chinese rhythmic gymnasts and the world's high-level athletes in balancing difficult body movements in four sets of instruments is not rich enough. (4) the difference between Chinese rhythmic gymnasts and world high-level athletes in the set of four sets of instruments is not rich enough. The understanding and grasp of professional information such as sports training methods, level of development of sports techniques, competition rules, and arrangement of complete sets of movements are the key factors that affect the completion of difficult movements of rhythmic gymnasts in our country. 5. Promote the understanding and grasp of competition rules and other professional information; scientific design and use of sports training methods; elaborate engraving athletes' basic skills, pay attention to actual combat ability training; improve the quality and level of complete set of movements; Paying attention to the cultivation of athletes' knowledge and ability is an important way to develop athletes' balance body difficult movements. 6.2013-2016 Olympic cycle, The rules of scoring to the difficult movement of the body reveal that the technical level of the balance body difficulty action group of Chinese rhythmic gymnasts is lower than that of the transfer class, and the difficulty of jumping class is lower than that of the Chinese rhythmic gymnasts. The balance body difficulty movement is our country rhythmic gymnastics individual event athlete's technical deficiency.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G834

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