“频谱教学”在普通高校公体武术课教学中的应用研究

发布时间：2019-04-16 19:44

【摘要】：“频谱教学”是20世纪60年代中期美国著名教育学家穆斯卡·莫斯顿提出的教学理念,是一个关于施教与学习行为的整体理论,也是一个对“教-学”过程较完整的理解框架。它集合了11种不同的教学风格,每一种风格都指具体的、不同的教学方法,其独特的教学环节设置,新颖的教学工具、灵活的活动方式,充分满足学生在身体、心理、技能等维度的发展机会,让教师的教学课堂更加科学性与艺术性。本研究以莫斯顿频谱教学为理论基础,运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、观察法、数理统计法、教学实验法等研究方法,将频谱教学理论引入到普通高校公共体育武术课教学实践中,为高校体育教师提供一个新的体育教学思路,使教师在教学方法、内容设计、组织形式上丰富多彩,为体育课堂增加乐趣与活力,通过研究得出以下结论:1.频谱教学应用在普通高校公共体育武术课中主要分为选择教学风格、创设情景引导激趣、环节设置引导提问、互惠解惑及时反馈、学生归纳检验与开放式评价等六个步骤进行教学,根据教学内容、任务、学情、武术动作特点共采用了命令式教学风格-A、练习式教学风格-B、互惠式教学风格-C、自我检查式风格-D、引导发现式风格-F、聚集发现式风格-G、学生自主设计式风格-I等7种风格类型。2.在普通高校公共体育武术课中运用频谱教学与常规教学的对比实验后,两个班学生通过武术课的学习与锻炼,在身体素质上均有所提高,并且实验班比对照班身体素质成绩提升更快,在坐位体前屈、立定跳远、折返跑等素质上存在明显差异;频谱教学通过新颖的教学方式使学生在武术课中快乐学习,促进学生参与锻炼,激发学生的运动意识与求知欲望,与重复单循环模式的常规教学相比,频谱教学模式更利于提高学生的身体素质。3.在普通高校公共体育武术课教学过程中,频谱教学采用丰富的课堂活动、新颖的教具、灵活的安排教学内容,使学生充分感受武术课的乐趣和魅力;与常规教学相比,更容易转变学生对喜欢体育但又不愿参加体育课的心理,促进学生情意结合并获得快乐和满足感,从无形当中提高学生的心理技能。4.在普通高校公共体育武术课教学中运用频谱教学更有利于促进学生快速、合理、准确的掌握太极拳套路技术的形成,与对照班相比,实验班学生动作技术更规范,武术平均技能成绩明显优于对照班,运用频谱教学更利于提高武术教学效果。
[Abstract]:"Spectrum teaching" is a teaching idea put forward by famous American educationist Musca Morston in the mid-1960s. It is a whole theory about teaching and learning behavior, and also a complete understanding frame of the process of "teaching-learning". It combines 11 different teaching styles, each of which refers to specific, different teaching methods, its unique teaching link settings, novel teaching tools, flexible ways of activity, and fully satisfies the students' physical, psychological, Skills and other dimensions of development opportunities, so that teachers' teaching classroom more scientific and artistic. Based on the theory of Morston spectrum teaching, this study uses the methods of literature, questionnaire, observation, mathematical statistics, teaching experiment and so on. This paper introduces the theory of spectrum teaching into the teaching practice of public sports martial arts in colleges and universities, provides a new idea of physical education teaching for physical education teachers in colleges and universities, and makes teachers colorful in teaching methods, content design, organizational forms, and so on. To add fun and vitality to the sports class, the following conclusions can be drawn from the research: 1. The application of spectrum teaching in the course of public sports martial arts in colleges and universities is mainly divided into choosing teaching style, creating scene guiding interest, setting up guiding questions, mutual benefit and timely feedback. According to the teaching contents, tasks, learning conditions and the characteristics of martial arts movements, the teaching style-A, practice-teaching style-B, mutual benefit teaching style-C, are adopted in the six steps of students' induction test and open-ended evaluation, which are based on the teaching contents, tasks, learning conditions and the characteristics of martial arts movements. Self-checking style-D, guided discovery style-F, aggregation discovery style-G, student self-designed style-I, etc. 7 style types. 2. After the contrastive experiment of spectrum teaching and routine teaching in the public physical martial arts class of ordinary colleges and universities, the students of the two classes have improved their physical quality through the study and exercise of martial arts course. Moreover, the physical fitness of the experimental class was improved faster than that of the control class, and there were obvious differences in such qualities as flexion in sitting position, standing long jump, return running and so on. Spectrum teaching enables students to learn happily in martial arts class through novel teaching methods, promotes students to participate in exercise, stimulates students' sports consciousness and desire for knowledge, and compares with the routine teaching of repeated single cycle mode. Spectrum teaching mode is more conducive to improve students' physical fitness. 3. In the teaching process of public sports martial arts in colleges and universities, spectrum teaching adopts rich classroom activities, novel teaching aids, flexible arrangement of teaching contents, so that students can fully feel the fun and charm of martial arts; Compared with conventional teaching, it is easier to change the psychology of students who like sports but do not want to take part in physical education, promote the combination of students' feelings and obtain happiness and satisfaction, and improve the students' psychological skills from the invisible. 4. The use of spectrum teaching in the teaching of public physical martial arts in colleges and universities is more conducive to promoting students to quickly, reasonably and accurately master the formation of Taijiquan routine technology. Compared with the control class, the students in the experimental class have more standardized movement techniques. The average skill score of Wushu is obviously better than that of the control class, and the use of spectrum teaching is more conducive to improve the effect of Wushu teaching.
【学位授予单位】：云南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G852-4

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