湘西少数民族地区初中心理弹性现状特点及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 06:18

本文关键词：湘西少数民族地区初中心理弹性现状特点及影响因素研究　出处：《西南政法大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本研究采用李海垒等人修订的《青少年心理弹性量表（HKRA）》和黄希庭等人编制的《中学生应对方式量表》及根据肖水源成年人社会支持量表改编而来的青少年社会支持量表对湘西少数民族地区514名初中生的心理弹性现状特点及影响因素进行调查研究，具体结果如下：（1）湘西少数民族地区初中生心理弹性总体状况良好，在中等偏上水平。性别变量上，女生得分高于男生，，但男女初中生心理弹性不存在显著的性别差异；年级变量上，三个年级之间的心理弹性得分有极显著性差异，年级间事后多重比较分析发现，初二年级心理弹性得分显著高于初一、初三年级；民族变量上，汉族与少数民族初中生的心理弹性得分不存在显著性差异；是否为独生子女变量上，二者之间的心理弹性不存在显著性差异，但是来自独生子女家庭的初中生心理弹性总分要高于来自非独生子女家庭的初中生；是否为留守初中生变量上，留守初中生与非留守初中生的心理弹性存在显著性差异，非留守初中生的心理弹性得分显著高于留守初中生；学习压力变量上，对学习压力不同感受度（没有、一般、大）的学生心理弹性有显著性差异，经事后多重比较发现学习压力一般的初中生与没有学习压力的初中生心理弹性存在极显著性差异。（2）湘西少数民族地区初中生心理弹性与应对方式在总体上呈极显著正相关。心理弹性与应对方式中的问题解决、求助、退避、发泄、忍耐呈极显著正相关，与幻想呈显著相关。问题解决、求助、退避三个维度都与心理弹性总分有直接关系，能显著正向预测初中生心理弹性总体情况，且问题解决维度贡献率最大。积极的应对方式能够作为个体心理弹性的内部影响因素存在。（3）湘西少数民族地区初中生心理弹性与社会支持在总体上呈极显著正相关。心理弹性与社会支持中的主观支持、对社会支持的利用度两个维度有直接关系，主观支持、对社会支持的利用度两个维度能能极显著正向预测初中生的心理弹性情况，且主观支持的贡献率最大，良好的社会支持能够作为个体心理弹性的外部影响因素存在。根据调查研究结果，我们应从积极关注特殊学生群体、培养初中生运用积极应对方式的能力及加强社会支持的力度三个方面提高湘西少数民族初中生的心理弹性水平。
[Abstract]:The study by Li Hailei et al. Revised Mental Resilience Scale for adolescents (HKRA) < > < coping style and Huang Xiting scale "and according to Xiao adult social support scale adapted to adolescents' social support questionnaire on factors of 514 junior middle school students in minority areas of Xiangxi's resilience status the characteristics and effects of the specific results are as follows:
(1) the overall situation of Xiangxi junior middle school students in minority areas of resilience is good, in the middle level. The gender variable, girls score higher than boys, but the male and female junior high school students' psychological flexibility does not exist significant gender differences; grade variables, there was significant difference between the resilience score between the three grades, grade afterwards multiple comparison analysis showed that the grade of resilience were significantly higher than grade one, grade three; ethnic variables, Han and minority junior middle school students' resilience score difference was not significant; whether the one-child variables, psychological resilience between the two there is no significant difference, but from the one-child family of junior middle school students resilience score is higher than that from non one child family is a junior high school student; junior middle school variables, left behind junior high school students and non left behind junior high school students' psychological resilience There is a significant difference between the non left behind resilience score significantly higher than junior middle school students left behind; learning pressure variables, learning pressure on different sensitivity (no, general, large) students psychological resilience has significant differences, after multiple comparison found that learning psychological elastic pressure general junior high school students and learning pressure junior high school students has significant difference.
(2) the Xiangxi junior high school students in minority areas of psychological resilience and coping style in general. There was a significant correlation, resilience and coping style of problem for help, retreat, vent, showed a significant positive correlation with patience, were significantly correlated with fantasy. To solve the problem, help, retreat three dimensions and psychological the elastic score has a direct relationship, can positively predict the resilience of junior middle school students overall situation, and solve the problem of dimension greatestcontribution. Positive coping style can exist as the internal factors of individual psychological resilience.
(3) the minority areas of Xiangxi junior high school students' resilience and social support in general. There was a significant correlation of subjective support resilience and social support in, there is a direct relationship between the two dimensions of social support using subjective support, the degree of the two dimensions of the use of the social support can significantly positively predict junior high school students' resilience, and subjective support is the greatest contribution, good social support can exist as external factors affecting the individual resilience.
According to the survey results, we should improve the resilience level of Xiangxi minority junior high school students from three aspects: paying close attention to special student groups, cultivating junior middle school students' ability to use positive coping styles and strengthening social support.

【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G444

【参考文献】