童年中晚期孤独感的发展轨迹:一项潜变量增长模型分析

发布时间：2018-01-25 01:15

本文关键词： 孤独感发展轨迹潜变量增长模型性别差异同伴接纳　出处：《心理学报》2013年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：使用问卷法和同伴提名法对884名小学二年级学生进行历时三年的四次追踪测试,采用潜变量增长模型建模,检验小学2～5年级学生孤独感的变化趋势,并考察不同性别儿童孤独感变化的差异性以及同伴接纳对孤独感变化的影响。结果发现:(1)2～5年级小学生孤独感呈曲线递减趋势,递减速度逐渐减缓,起始水平及发展速度均存在显著的个体差异;(2)女孩起始的孤独感水平显著低于男孩,而发展速度、加速度则不存在显著的性别差异;(3)较高的同伴接纳对当时儿童孤独感的降低具有显著的促进作用。研究采用孤独感发展的情境观,并结合儿童认知、自我发展的特点对结果进行了分析。
[Abstract]:The questionnaire and peer nomination methods were used to test 884 students in grade two of primary school four times for three years. The model of latent variable growth was used to test the trend of loneliness in grade 2 and grade 5 of primary school. The effects of peer acceptance on loneliness changes in children of different genders were investigated. The results showed that the loneliness of grade 5 pupils in grade 1: 1 was decreasing, and the decreasing rate was slowing down gradually. There were significant individual differences in initial level and development speed. (2) the onset loneliness level of girls was significantly lower than that of boys, but there was no significant gender difference in development speed and acceleration; (3) higher peer acceptance could significantly promote the reduction of children's loneliness at that time. The study adopted the situational view of the development of loneliness, and analyzed the results by combining the characteristics of children's cognition and self-development.
【作者单位】：上海师范大学心理学系;中国浦东干部学院教研部;
【基金】：国家社科基金“十一五”规划教育青年课题(CLA080245) 上海市浦江人才计划(2011) 上海市2011年度教育科学研究项目(B11039) 上海师范大学校级重点学科项目资助
【分类号】：B844.2
【正文快照】： 1问题提出孤独感是个体对自身的社会关系网络不满时所产生的一种主观体验,通常伴随着悲伤和空虚等消极情绪反应(AsherPaquette,2003)。已有研究表明,孤独感广泛存在于各种文化当中(Rotenberg,1999)。不仅如此,个体很早就可以体验到孤独感,而且学龄前儿童就已经可以用言语准

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