大学生对死亡的态度与特质焦虑、社会支持的关系及相关质性研究

发布时间：2019-05-09 00:46

【摘要】：死亡态度是个体对死亡这一特殊事件的态度，由认知、情感和行为倾向三个成分组成。国内关于此方面的研究刚刚起步，现有的死亡态度量表多为国外量表翻译而成，且没有针对大学生的死亡态度量表。本文在参考Wong, Recker,Gesser（1994）DAP-R量表题目、已有文献资料基础上，结合开放式访谈资料，修订了大学生死亡态度问卷，并依此为工具，展开了相关研究和质性研究，得到的结论有：（1）修订的大学生死亡态度问卷，，共有7个维度，具有较好的信效度。（2）大学生更多持认知接受的死亡态度，情感接受更困难，更加害怕意外死亡。（3）大学生死亡态度存在一定的性别、年级和科别差异。女生较男生更易对死亡持趋近接受、逃离接受的态度，意外恐惧程度也较高。高年级学生比低年级学生更易对死亡持趋近接受态度，但同时也更加恐惧死亡。文科学生较理科学生更易对死亡持趋近接受和逃离接受的死亡态度。（4）大学生特质焦虑程度越高，越容易有逃离接受、死亡逃避、死亡恐惧等负性死亡态度。社会支持越高，越不倾向于持逃离接受的死亡态度。（5）特质焦虑既直接影响逃离接受死亡态度，又通过主观支持间接影响逃离接受死亡态度，并且直接效应和间接效应都达到显著。（6）大学生恐惧意外死亡的内部原因主要有人格、健康、对来世的信念，外部原因主要有宏观环境和经验。
[Abstract]:The attitude to death is the attitude of the individual to the special event of death, which consists of three components: cognition, emotion and behavior tendency. The domestic research on this aspect has just started. Most of the existing death attitude scales are translated by foreign scales, and there is no death attitude scale for college students. Referring to the title of Wong, Recker,Gesser (1994) DAP-R scale, this paper revised the questionnaire of college students' attitude to death based on the existing literature, combined with the open interview data, and carried out the related research and qualitative research on the basis of this. The conclusions are as follows: (1) there are seven dimensions of the revised college students' death attitude questionnaire, which has good reliability and validity. (2) College students are more aware of cognitive acceptance of death, emotional acceptance is more difficult, and more afraid of accidental death. (3) there are some differences in the attitude to death of college students in gender, grade and science. Girls are more likely to accept death, escape from acceptance, and have higher levels of fear of accident than boys. Older students are more receptive to death than younger ones, but they are also more fearful of death. Arts students are more likely to accept and escape death than science students. (4) the higher the trait anxiety degree of college students, the more likely they are to have negative death attitudes such as escape acceptance, death escape, death fear and so on. The higher the social support, the less inclined to escape the acceptance of death attitude. (5) trait anxiety not only directly affects the attitude of escape acceptance death, but also indirectly affects the attitude of escape acceptance death through subjective support, and both the direct effect and the indirect effect are significant. (6) the internal causes of college students' fear of accidental death are personality, health, belief in the afterlife and macro-environment and experience.
【学位授予单位】：闽南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：B844.2

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