健康教育对遵义市学龄前儿童口腔健康行为的影响

发布时间：2018-01-11 14:15

本文关键词：健康教育对遵义市学龄前儿童口腔健康行为的影响　出处：《中国学校卫生》2016年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的探索学龄前儿童口腔健康行为干预措施,为制订学龄前儿童口腔疾病防治策略和儿童口腔保健措施提供参考依据。方法随机抽取遵义市3所幼儿园大班的全部314名儿童为研究对象,随机分为干预A组(教育家长)、干预B组(教育教师及园医)及对照组,开展健康教育活动。干预前和干预后3个月以同样问卷调查儿童的口腔健康行为并比较。结果干预前儿童的刷牙行为、不良行为习惯,家长口腔健康知识、态度及行为等差异均无统计学意义(P值均0.05)。干预后2个干预组儿童每日刷牙行为较干预前有明显改善,儿童每天2次刷牙率增加,干预前后比较差异有统计学意义(Z值分别为-7.933,7.441,P值均0.05);对照组刷牙行为3个月无明显改善,干预前后比较差异无统计学意义(Z=-0.474,P0.05)。2个干预组儿童睡前进甜食行为有明显减少,干预前后比较差异有统计学意义(Z值分别为5.116,2.353,P值均0.05),对照组前后比较差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.121,P0.05)。儿童不良饮食行为干预后A组儿童教育后大部分不良饮食习惯得以改善,表现在软食、精细食物、甜食及无喜好方面,B组儿童在喜肉类及喜甜食方面,干预前后比较差异有统计学意义(P值均0.05),对照组前后比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。部分不良口腔行为习惯中,A组儿童睡前含奶嘴干预后有改善,无不良口腔行为的人数明显增多,干预前后比较差异有统计学意义(P值均0.05);B组儿童咬手指及添唇行为、无不良习惯干预前后比较差异有统计学意义(P值均0.05);对照组干预前后比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论基于KAP理论的健康教育方式能改善儿童的口腔健康行为。
[Abstract]:Objective to explore preschool children's oral health behavior intervention, and provide basis for preschool children's oral diseases prevention and treatment strategies of children's oral health measures. Methods randomly selected from 3 kindergartens in Zunyi in all 314 children as the research object, randomly divided into intervention group A (intervention group B, parents education (Education) the teacher and the garden of Medicine) and the control group, to carry out health education activities. Before and after intervention for 3 months in the same oral health behavior questionnaire for children and compare the results before intervention. Brushing behavior of children, bad habits, Nagaguchi Jiangkang's knowledge, attitudes and behavior differences were not statistically significant (P values were 0.05 2). Intervention intervention group children daily brushing behavior than before the intervention significantly improved, children 2 times a day brushing rate increased before and after the intervention, the difference was statistically significant (Z = -7.933,7.441, P 0.05); the control group brushing behavior 3 months without significant improvement, there was no significant difference between before and after intervention (Z=-0.474, P0.05).2 intervention group children sleep behavior have significantly reduced forward sweets, intervention the difference was statistically significant (Z = 5.116,2.353, P value was 0.05), but there was no statistical difference the significance of the control group (Z=-1.121, P0.05) before and after education. The group of A children after most of the bad eating habits to improve the eating behavior of children after the intervention, in the diet, fine food, sweets and preferences, B group of children like meat and sweets like, before and after the intervention, the difference was statistically significant (P values were 0.05), there was no significant difference between the control group and (P0.05). Some bad oral habits, bedtime A group of children with nipple after intervention improved, no adverse oral behavior significantly increased the number of people, before and after the intervention is relatively poor There was a significant correlation (P = 0.05); group B children bite fingers and Tim lips, no bad habits before and after the intervention the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05); the control group before and after the intervention had no significant difference (P0.05). Conclusion health education based on the theory of KAP can improve the oral health behavior children.

【作者单位】：遵义医学院附属口腔医院;遵义医学院附属医院;重庆医科大学附属口腔医院;
【基金】：贵州省科技厅项目([2013]7006)
【分类号】：G617
【正文快照】： 龋病是最为常见的口腔疾病,患病率极高,已被WHO列为继癌症及心血管疾病之后的第三大重点防治的慢性非传染性疾病[1]。龋病的防治已成为我国的重点防治项目[2-3]。学龄前儿童是龋病的高发人群,口腔不良行为是引发儿童龋病的重要因素之一,严重影响儿童的身心健康和个性发展。国

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