讲解和呈现主题对幼儿韵律活动能力的影响

发布时间：2018-01-29 09:23

本文关键词： 韵律活动能力音乐主题音乐讲解音乐基本表现因素　出处：《陕西师范大学》2009年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】： 讲解和呈现主题是幼儿园音乐教学中经常用到的两种教学方法,为了探究在集体教学情况下,主题和讲解两因素对大班幼儿韵律活动能力(包括随乐能力、动作及组合能力、创造性表现能力、合作协调能力)的影响,详细了解这两种教学方法的教学效果,本研究设计了主题×讲解的双因素实验设计,将60名大班幼儿分为不呈现主题无讲解、不呈现主题有讲解、呈现主题无讲解、呈现主题有讲解四个组,分别进行实验干预并测评,根据《幼儿韵律活动能力评价标准》进行打分,对实验结果用SPSS12.0进行统计分析。通过多因素变量方差分析,结果表明主题因素对大班幼儿的节奏、节拍感,幼儿的随乐能力综合表现,动作及组合能力的综合表现主效应显著,对幼儿的动作及组合的复杂性以及创造性表现能力主效应极显著,在这些能力的得分上均是呈现主题组优于不呈现主题组；讲解因素对幼儿乐段、乐句感,力度感,旋律感,速度感这些音乐基本表现因素的综合表现主效应显著,有讲解组好于无讲解组；主题和讲解对幼儿节奏、节拍感的交互作用显著。χ2检验分析结果显示主题因素对于幼儿动作的持续性作用显著,讲解因素对于幼儿的乐段、乐句感作用显著。对于幼儿韵律活动能力的其它组成部分,主题、讲解以及它们的交互效应作用都不显著。根据研究结果和对实验的观察,对以上结果进行原因分析,研究者认为侧重于对知识的认知和理解方面,讲解法效果好,比如指导幼儿对音乐的基本表现因素进行理性认知；主题的形象性和情节性,对幼儿的动作表现有启发作用,并且可以帮助幼儿以主题为基础进行联想和发散,有利于增加他们动作的创造性。最后,研究者根据实验结果和对原因的分析,有针对性的为幼儿韵律活动能力的培养提出了一些教学建议。在幼儿随乐能力的培养上,要有重点的进行讲解,同时可以将主题的引导作为辅助手段；在动作及组合能力的培养上,要多进行具体形象的引导,启发幼儿用动作表现各种形象；在创造性表现能力的培养上,提供幼儿熟悉或感兴趣的形象可以为幼儿创造力提供起飞的平台,同时要注意在主题的设计上给幼儿留出自由发挥的空间或者设计一些有挑战的情节；在合作协调能力的培养上,要将音乐的时间性和与幼儿韵律活动的空间性结合,并设计一些需要相互协作、配合的情节和内容,从而使他们产生合作的需要。
[Abstract]:Explaining and presenting themes are two teaching methods which are often used in kindergarten music teaching. In order to explore the two factors of theme and explanation to the prosodic ability of children in large classes (including the ability to follow music) in group teaching. The effects of action and combination ability, creative expression ability, cooperation and coordination ability) and the teaching effect of these two teaching methods are understood in detail. A double-factor experimental design of theme 脳 explanation is designed in this study. 60 children in large classes were divided into four groups: no theme, no topic, no theme, four groups. According to the evaluation standard of prosody ability of young children, the results of the experiment were statistically analyzed by SPSS12.0. Through the analysis of variance of multivariate variables, the results show that the main effect of theme factors on the rhythm, rhythm, children's ability with music, and the comprehensive performance of movement and combination ability is significant. The main effects on the children's movement and combination complexity and creative performance ability were significant, and the scores of these abilities were better than that of non-presentation theme group. The comprehensive main effect of explaining factors on children's music basic performance factors is significant, which is better than that of no explanation group. The results of 蠂 2 test showed that the theme factors had a significant effect on the children's movement persistence, and the explaining factors had significant effects on the children's movement. For the other components of prosodic activity ability, the theme, explanation and their interactive effects are not significant. According to the results of the study and the observation of the experiment. According to the analysis of the above results, the researchers think that it is better to focus on the cognition and understanding of knowledge, such as instructing children to understand the basic factors of music rationally. The visualization and plot of the theme can enlighten the performance of the children's action, and can help the children to associate and disperse on the basis of the theme, which is helpful to increase the creativity of their actions. Finally, according to the results of the experiment and the analysis of the reasons, the researcher puts forward some teaching suggestions for the training of children's prosodic activity ability. At the same time, the guidance of the theme can be used as a supplementary means; In the training of movement and combination ability, it is necessary to conduct more concrete image guidance to enlighten children to express various images with action. In the cultivation of creative expression ability, providing the image of children's familiarity or interest can provide a platform for children's creativity to take off. At the same time, we should pay attention to the theme design for children to give free play space or design some challenging plot; In the cultivation of cooperation and coordination ability, it is necessary to combine the time of music with the spatial nature of prosodic activities of young children, and design some circumstances and contents that need to cooperate with each other, so that they will have the need of cooperation.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2009
【分类号】：G613.5

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