不同奖励方式对幼儿创造力的影响

发布时间：2018-03-14 12:35

本文选题：奖励方式　切入点：幼儿创造力　出处：《东北师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：奖励作为一种外部刺激，在关于它对创造力影响的研究历史中，存在两种相对立的观点：即行为主义认为奖励会增进个体创造力行为的出现及提升，而认知主义学派则指出增加外部控制（奖励）将破坏个体的创造性。虽然两学派都得到了大量的实证证明，但也因一些研究不足，其结论受到了一定的质疑。因此，本研究在基于这些不足的基础上，以幼儿为被试通过2×2的实验设计来探讨哪种信息指导基准下，奖励的效用最大；并在此基准水平下来探讨不同的奖励方式对幼儿创造力的影响。具体结果如下：（1）奖励组的幼儿创造力成绩显著高于非奖励组的幼儿创造力成绩。（2）信息提示组的创造力成绩也显著高于非提示组的成绩。（3）有信息提示有奖励组别的创造力成绩最高。（4）奖励进程（任务中、任务后）与奖励类别（物质型、口头类表扬奖励）对幼儿创造力的影响是相互独立的，不存在交互作用。（5）在奖励进程一定的情况下，物质类奖励组幼儿创造力的成绩要显著高于口头类表扬精神组的成绩。（6）在奖励类型一定的情况下，在任务中给予幼儿奖励能对他们的创造力成绩起到更好地提升作用。（7）在同一信息提示的条件下，不同奖励方式对幼儿创造力的影响在年级及性别因素上不存在显著性的差异。
[Abstract]:Reward as an external stimulus, in the history of research on its impact on creativity, there are two opposing views: behaviorism believes that reward can promote the emergence and enhancement of individual creative behavior. The cognitive school points out that increasing external control (reward) will destroy the creativity of individuals. Although both schools have obtained a lot of empirical evidence, their conclusions have been questioned because of some lack of research. Therefore, on the basis of these deficiencies, this study takes young children as subjects to explore which information guidance benchmark is the most effective under the experimental design of 2 脳 2; And at this benchmark level to explore the impact of different incentives on the creativity of young children. The results are as follows:. 1) the score of creativity in the reward group was significantly higher than that in the non-reward group. (2) the creativity score of the information prompting group was significantly higher than that of the non-prompting group. The creativity score of the reward group was the highest. (4) the effect of reward process (task, post task) and reward category (material type, oral type praise reward) on the creativity of young children is independent and there is no interaction. 5) in the case of certain reward process, the score of creativity of children in the material reward group was significantly higher than that in the oral praise spirit group. 6) in the case of a certain reward type, giving reward to young children in the task can improve their creativity better. (7) under the condition of the same information, there was no significant difference in grade and sex factors between different reward ways on the creativity of young children.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：G612

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