当代美国幼儿教师观及其影响探析

发布时间：2018-03-30 01:22

本文选题：美国　切入点：幼儿教育　出处：《东北师范大学》2008年硕士论文

【摘要】： 幼儿教师观是指幼儿教师所在的社会及环境对幼儿教师这种职业及其从业人员各个方面的认识和看法的总和。美国幼儿教师观主要基于两个重要方面,一是社会对幼儿及幼儿教育的特殊性和重要性的认识直接影响着社会对幼儿教师的认识和看法,即幼儿教师观从根本上讲是基于幼儿和幼儿教育的特点而存在的,如特别注重教师关于幼儿的身心特点知识的掌握、特别注重幼儿教师掌握特定的教学形式和教学方法等;二是美国的幼儿教师观与美国社会的整体特点息息相关,如注重教师应对多元化的能力,注重合作,注重教师与社会的练习,注重教师广泛的普通知识的掌握等。具体来说,美国幼儿教师观主要包括幼儿教师的职业特性、社会地位、素质能力、工作职责等几个方面。美国幼儿教师角色观是探讨美国幼儿教师观首先要关注的问题。角色是指个体在特定社会生活中的身份以及由此而规定的行为规范的总和。对美国幼儿教师职业特性的认识主要包括:幼儿教师的工作领域、幼儿教师的工作内容、幼儿教师的学习及职业生涯等几个方面。对美国幼儿教师社会地位和社会价值的认识主要基于美国幼儿教师的收入、受重视程度两个方面进行的分析,其中受重视程度是基于美国对幼儿教育的看法和对幼儿教师的认证两个方面进行的。对美国幼儿教师作用的认识主要包括幼儿教师对幼儿发展作用的认识和幼儿教师群体对社会发展作用的认识两个方面。以上三个方面从不同侧面说明了美国幼儿教师这一特定群体在美国社会中的身份和角色概况。美国幼儿教师素质能力观是美国幼儿教师观的一个重要方面,它具体规定了幼儿教师在任职前应具备的知识内容和水平,其中包括幼儿教师应具备的幼儿知识和普通知识;规定了幼儿教师怎样应对多元文化及多元文化影响下的幼儿教育;规定了幼儿教师应掌握的实践能力;规定了幼儿教师在幼儿教育过程中应具备的思想素质和实际行为。这四个方面共同构成了对美国幼儿教师素质能力的认识。美国幼儿教师观还对实践产生了相应的影响,主要包括对幼儿教师职前培养的影响、对幼儿教师在职工作的影响和对美国幼儿教师继续教育的影响几个方面。其中对美国幼儿教师职前培养的影响主要通过对幼儿教师的专业培养和认证两个方面进行分析,对幼儿教师在职工作的影响主要是指幼儿教师的教学方法和教学手段如何受到幼儿教师观的引导,对幼儿教师继续教育的影响主要是指幼儿教师观对幼儿教师学习生涯和职业生涯的引导和推动。这种幼儿教师观的产生有其深刻的社会背景,如美国教育体系的完善程度决定了社会对幼儿教育的重视,进而产生了对幼儿教师素质和能力的要求;美国近代以来对心理学的注重以及心理学的突出贡献决定了民众对教师心理学知识掌握的重视;教师教育知识标准的设置也必然反映到幼儿教师群体对知识的掌握等等。
[Abstract]:The concept of early childhood teachers refers to the sum of the society and environment in which early childhood teachers are located . The concept of early childhood teachers is based on two important aspects . First , the cognition of preschool teachers is based on the characteristics of early childhood and early childhood education .

The role of preschool teachers in the United States is to explore the problems of early childhood teacher ' s view first . The role refers to the individual ' s identity in the specific social life and the sum of the behavior norms set by it . The cognition of the role of preschool teachers in the United States is based on the views of early childhood teachers and the two aspects of early childhood teachers . The cognition of the role of preschool teachers in the United States mainly includes the cognition of early childhood teachers and the cognition of early childhood teachers .

The concept of quality competence of preschool teachers in the United States is an important aspect of American preschool teachers ' view . It specifies the knowledge and level of early childhood teachers before serving . It specifies how early childhood teachers should deal with early childhood education under the influence of multi - culture and multi - culture ;

This paper analyzes the influence of preschool teachers on the pre - employment of preschool teachers and the influence on the continuing education of preschool teachers . The influence of preschool teachers mainly refers to the teaching methods and teaching methods of early childhood teachers . The influence of preschool teachers on the continuing education of preschool teachers mainly refers to the guiding and promotion of early childhood teachers ' view of early childhood teachers ' learning career and career .

The emergence of this preschool teacher ' s view has its profound social background , such as the degree of perfection of American educational system determines the importance of society to early childhood education , and then produces the demand for teachers ' quality and ability .

【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2008
【分类号】：G615

【引证文献】