学前儿童语用交流行为的发展特点与取效行为理论

发布时间：2018-08-06 15:36

【摘要】：儿童语用交流行为是最基本的语用现象,对儿童语言发展意义重大,不仅有助于儿童词汇、语法的发展,而且能够展示儿童的社会理解力和认知程度。本研究运用INCA-A编码系统和CLAN语料分析系统,从言语倾向与言语行动类型及其数量的角度对CHILDES语料和自建学前儿童口语语料进行分析,揭示学前儿童语用交流行为的发展特点,并据此构建了取效行为理论分析框架。该框架根据取效行为中语言目的和效果的互动关系,通过具体语料重点阐述了知识与不可预料效果、语言与可预料效果、行为与探试效果之间的关系。教师和家长应针对儿童知识、语言和行为现状,培养其语用交流行为,如可以通过头脑风暴法、多模态教学法等帮助儿童积累百科知识,通过发展儿童的故事叙事能力训练儿童语言技能,借助主题互动游戏发展儿童的行为交往方式等,以此提高儿童的语言运用水平。
[Abstract]:Children's pragmatic communication is the most basic pragmatic phenomenon, which is of great significance to the development of children's language. It is not only conducive to the development of children's vocabulary and grammar, but also can show the children's social understanding and cognitive level. In this study, INCA-A coding system and CLAN corpus analysis system are used to analyze the CHILDES corpus and self-built pre-school children's spoken language data from the perspective of speech tendency, speech action types and their quantity, and to reveal the characteristics of the development of pre-school children's pragmatic communication behavior. Based on this, the theoretical analysis framework of the effect-taking behavior is constructed. According to the interactive relationship between the purpose and effect of language, the framework focuses on the relationship between knowledge and unpredictable effect, language and predictable effect, behavior and test effect. Teachers and parents should cultivate their pragmatic communication behaviors according to their knowledge, language and behavior, such as brainstorming, multi-modal teaching methods and so on, to help children accumulate encyclopedic knowledge. Through the development of children's story narrative ability to train children's language skills and the development of children's behavior communication style with the help of thematic interactive games, the children's language use level can be improved.
【作者单位】：黑龙江大学西语学院;黑龙江佳木斯大学公共外语部;
【基金】：黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划项目“儿童语用发展图式理论研究”(编号:14B085) 佳木斯大学青年人才(社科类)培育计划项目“认知语言学视域下言语行为的语力研究”(编号:2016JDQP01)
【分类号】：G610

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