多球训练对提高少年儿童启蒙训练阶段乒乓球基本技术的分析研究
发布时间：2018-08-25 16:32
【摘要】： 从训练学、教育学、心理学等角度，从理论与实践两方面较系统地对多球训练在启蒙训练阶段提高基本技术所起的作用进行分析。以湖北地区体校24名6—7岁少年儿童(其中男12名、女12名)为研究对象进行实验研究，并查阅了国内外有关乒乓球训练方面的文献资料70余篇。采用问卷调查3轮，调查发放问卷共计180份，有效回收率分别为75％、78％和78.3％；还采用了面访调查法，面访了著名教练员和运动员20人，，科研人员25人，体育院校的专家教授31人，了解与本文有关的问题和意见。运用数理统计法对有关数据进行了统计处理，统计计算利用统计软件SPSS6.0 FOR WINDOWS在Pentium233上进行。结果显示：实验组各种技术动作击球板数与对照组比较，均有非常显著性差异，多球训练优于单球训练，多球训练有利于促进技术动作定型。 从心理学角度而言，运动技术训练就是在大脑皮层建立起合理的动力定型，是有意识地使动作获得自动化的过程。从心理学、生理学研究表明，在一定范围内，条件刺激和非条件刺激强度越大，则越容易建立起条件反射。多球训练比单球练习密度高，强度大，在单位时间内练习次数多，且运动员兴奋性高，比单球练习更容易建立起巩固的动力定型。运动技术训练是心理活动控制下所进行的随意运动，运动知觉及其在大脑中留下的运动表象是支配各种动作最直接的心理过程。在多球训练过程中，教练员可用语言评价或提示，通过同步信息的传输，对正在练习的运动员动作进行调节，使其迅速地建立起正确的动作表象和运动知觉。 多球训练有利于形成正确的心理定向。在技术训练中，正确的心理定向是掌握动作的重要心理条件。刚开始接受训练的少年儿童，兴奋性高，对掌握正确技术要领的重要性不甚明确，因而，往往把注意力仅仅集中到尽可能 f＼硕士学位论文 ＼型r～x k＊盯〔厂S刀IE扔 地把球击到对方台面上，而忽视了动作的许多要领。久而久之，会使动作变 得不够正确，而多球时可使运动员把注意力集中到技术动作上来。暂且不去 管球是否能击中台面，这样，便可较快地掌握技术动作的要领，随着练习次 数的增多和正确技术动作的建立，使运动员逐步提高击球的命中率。 多球训练有利于培养运动员的意志品质。在多球训练中运动员生理负荷 可达到极限强度，并要在此强度上持续 100秒之久。因此，多球训练时，运 动员必须克服由大运动量训练带来的种种不适感，有利于殿炼运动员的意志 品质。多球训练有利于增强专项身体素质。建议在启蒙训练的初期就进行多 球训练。
[Abstract]:From the point of view of training, pedagogy and psychology, this paper systematically analyzes the role of multi-ball training in the improvement of basic techniques in the stage of enlightenment training from the aspects of theory and practice. An experimental study was conducted on 24 children aged 6-7 years (12 males and 12 females) in Hubei Sports School, and more than 70 articles of literature on table tennis training at home and abroad were consulted. A total of 180 questionnaires were sent out in three rounds of questionnaires, and the effective recovery rates were 7578% and 78.3%, respectively. The method of interview was also used. 20 famous coaches and athletes were interviewed, and 25 researchers were interviewed. The expert professor of physical education school 31 people, understand the question and opinion related to this article. The related data are processed by mathematical statistics method, and the statistical calculation is carried out on Pentium233 with the statistical software SPSS6.0 FOR WINDOWS. The results showed that there were significant differences in the number of batting boards between the experimental group and the control group, the multi-ball training was better than the single-ball training, and the multi-ball training was helpful to promote the technical action stereotyping. From the psychological point of view, the training of sports technology is the process of consciously automating the movement by establishing a reasonable dynamic stereotype in the cerebral cortex. Psychological and physiological studies show that the greater the intensity of conditioned and unconditioned stimuli, the easier it is to establish conditioned reflexes. Compared with single ball practice, multi-ball training has higher density, more intensity, more times of practice in unit time, and higher excitability of players, so it is easier to establish a strong dynamic stereotype than single-ball practice. Sports skill training is a kind of random movement under the control of psychological activity. Motor perception and the movement appearance left in the brain are the most direct psychological process that dominates all kinds of actions. In the process of multi-ball training, coaches can use language to evaluate or prompt, through the transmission of synchronous information, to adjust the athletes' movements, so that they can quickly establish the correct movement appearance and movement perception. Multi-ball training is beneficial to the formation of correct psychological orientation. In technical training, correct psychological orientation is an important psychological condition for mastering movement. Young children who have just started training are highly excited and are not very clear about the importance of mastering the correct technical essentials. Tend to focus only on as much as possible f\ master's thesis Model RX k* staring (factory S knife IE throws the ball on the countertop, And ignored many of the main points of the action. Over time, it can cause inaccuracies, while multiple balls can focus players' attention on technical action. Leave aside whether the ball can hit the table or not, so that you can master the essentials of technical action more quickly. With the increase of the number of times of practice and the establishment of correct technical action, the players gradually improve the hit rate. Multi-ball training is conducive to the cultivation of the will of the players. In multi-ball training, the athlete's physiological load can reach the ultimate strength, and it should last for 100 seconds. Therefore, in multi-ball training, transportation mobilization must overcome the discomfort brought about by the heavy exercise training. It is beneficial to the quality of the will of the athletes. Multi-ball training is beneficial to enhance the special physical quality. It is suggested that multiple ball training should be carried out in the early stage of enlightenment training.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：G613.7
本文编号：2203476
[Abstract]:From the point of view of training, pedagogy and psychology, this paper systematically analyzes the role of multi-ball training in the improvement of basic techniques in the stage of enlightenment training from the aspects of theory and practice. An experimental study was conducted on 24 children aged 6-7 years (12 males and 12 females) in Hubei Sports School, and more than 70 articles of literature on table tennis training at home and abroad were consulted. A total of 180 questionnaires were sent out in three rounds of questionnaires, and the effective recovery rates were 7578% and 78.3%, respectively. The method of interview was also used. 20 famous coaches and athletes were interviewed, and 25 researchers were interviewed. The expert professor of physical education school 31 people, understand the question and opinion related to this article. The related data are processed by mathematical statistics method, and the statistical calculation is carried out on Pentium233 with the statistical software SPSS6.0 FOR WINDOWS. The results showed that there were significant differences in the number of batting boards between the experimental group and the control group, the multi-ball training was better than the single-ball training, and the multi-ball training was helpful to promote the technical action stereotyping. From the psychological point of view, the training of sports technology is the process of consciously automating the movement by establishing a reasonable dynamic stereotype in the cerebral cortex. Psychological and physiological studies show that the greater the intensity of conditioned and unconditioned stimuli, the easier it is to establish conditioned reflexes. Compared with single ball practice, multi-ball training has higher density, more intensity, more times of practice in unit time, and higher excitability of players, so it is easier to establish a strong dynamic stereotype than single-ball practice. Sports skill training is a kind of random movement under the control of psychological activity. Motor perception and the movement appearance left in the brain are the most direct psychological process that dominates all kinds of actions. In the process of multi-ball training, coaches can use language to evaluate or prompt, through the transmission of synchronous information, to adjust the athletes' movements, so that they can quickly establish the correct movement appearance and movement perception. Multi-ball training is beneficial to the formation of correct psychological orientation. In technical training, correct psychological orientation is an important psychological condition for mastering movement. Young children who have just started training are highly excited and are not very clear about the importance of mastering the correct technical essentials. Tend to focus only on as much as possible f\ master's thesis Model RX k* staring (factory S knife IE throws the ball on the countertop, And ignored many of the main points of the action. Over time, it can cause inaccuracies, while multiple balls can focus players' attention on technical action. Leave aside whether the ball can hit the table or not, so that you can master the essentials of technical action more quickly. With the increase of the number of times of practice and the establishment of correct technical action, the players gradually improve the hit rate. Multi-ball training is conducive to the cultivation of the will of the players. In multi-ball training, the athlete's physiological load can reach the ultimate strength, and it should last for 100 seconds. Therefore, in multi-ball training, transportation mobilization must overcome the discomfort brought about by the heavy exercise training. It is beneficial to the quality of the will of the athletes. Multi-ball training is beneficial to enhance the special physical quality. It is suggested that multiple ball training should be carried out in the early stage of enlightenment training.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2002
【分类号】：G613.7
【引证文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 陈伟;;高中学生篮球训练教学实践探讨[J];时代教育;2012年20期
2 李艳霞;;少年儿童启蒙训练阶段网球多球训练必要性的探讨[J];内江科技;2009年06期
3 杨星;;网球初学者多球训练的必要性[J];网络财富;2009年18期
相关硕士学位论文 前2条
1 吴军杰;郑州市部分农村小学乒乓球运动开展现状及对策研究[D];河南师范大学;2011年
2 温振迪;水平二学生启蒙训练阶段多球练习法在羽毛球教学中的实验研究[D];辽宁师范大学;2012年
本文编号：2203476
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/jiaoyulunwen/yejy/2203476.html
